The Middle Ages

middle ages quiz review

western roman empire fell

476 CE

Germanic tribes

overrun western Europe

Western Europe

mixture of Ancient Roman Idea, Germanic Tribes, Christian Church

1st change to Western Europe

disruption of trade - loss of trade, collapse of business, scarcity of $$

2nd change to Western Europe

Downfall of cities - governments fell in cities

3rd change to Western Europe

Population shifts - move to rural areas

Middle Ages

time between Roman Empire and Renaissance (500-1000)

Middle Ages AKA

Midieval period

Dark ages

“Age Of Faith”

Age of Faith

Christianity at it’s strongest

Life During Middle Ages

decline in learning

loss of common language

Church Clergy were typically only literate people

decline in learning

illiterate

loss of common language

stifled communication

Education is _________

POWER

Government during M.A.

smaller, clan oriented

warrior kingdoms

alligance to chief

Church during M.A.

only surviving institution

stability

promised salvation

Franks

in Gaul

Clovis

1st king in France to convert to Christianity

Church supports who?

Clovis in military campaigns against other tribes

By 600

most germanic tribes christian

Merovingian Dynasty

starts with Clovis

Major Domo / Mayor of palace

most important official

Charles Martel

1st Major Domo to become more powerful than king

Battle of Tours (732)

Martel + forces stop spread of Islam into Europe

Martel

becomes Christian hero

End of Marovingian dynasty

Martel causes collapse

Carolingion dynasty

Martel’s power passed to Pepin the short

Pepin the short

defends church against Lumbards and is rewarded by church

Pepin becomes

“King by the grace of god”

Pepin dies

Carlomon

Carlomon dies

Charlemagne

Charlemagne builds

largest kingdom in Western Europe since rome

Charlemagne =

Charles the Great

Charles the Great does

reunites western europe

reignites roman culture

Saves Pope Leo III in 800

hands on

Holy Roman Emperor

Charlemagne named Holy Roman Emperor on Christmas Day 800 after saving the pope

What three things join together in Charlemagne’s rule

leftover of roman ideas

christian church

germanic tribes

Missi Dominci

sent people to oversee the Nobles to make sure they were treating the common people well

Charlemagne and education

encourages learning

opens schools

expanded libraries

Charlemagne unified empire through

roads, churches, schools

After Charlemagne

son Louis the Pious

Louis the Pious

weak ruler

more religious than political

Frankish civil war

Louis the pious’s three sons fight for power

Treaty of Verdun (843)

divides empire into 3

kings lose power

new political and economic system

The Vikings

Scnadanavia

great sailors

Norsemen/North Men

got bad rap in history but actually very honorable

attacked areas rich from church

acceptance of Christianity ends their attacks on Europe

Eric Thorvaldsson

created 1st settlement in Greenland

Leif Ericson

1st European to discover North America (Newfoundland)

The Magyars

Eastern Europe

horsemen

Northern Italy, Rhineland, Burgundy impacted by raids

Muslims

disrupt mediterranean trade

The Moors

the moors

Muslims from North Africa who settled in Iberian peninsula (Spain + Portugal)

Angles/Saxons/Celts

Germanic groups who settled in Britain; each had their own separate kingdom

Christianity in British Isles

Reached Britain through missionaries

One of Feudalism’s causes

constant invasions creates need for system of protection that kings could no longer provide

1st Feudalistic exchange in Europe

King Charles of France grants viking Rollo a piece of land to keep him from attacking

Rollo pledges loyalty to protect Charles’s land when necessary

The Feudal system (political)

kings gave land to lords as reward for loyalty

lords gave portions of land to knights for military services

Fiefs

land grants given to lords + knights

Vassal

one who receives a fief

The Manorial system (economic)

serfs (peasants) work manor in exchange for protection

tied to land

paid 10% of earnings to church

Lords got workers =

peasants got protection

the Manor

self contained, self sufficient piece of land

details of the Manor

controlled by Lord

Manor house, church, workshops, fields, food, clothing, tools

kings had little power

3 field rotation

so they don’t use up all nutrients

1 field fallow while 2 fields planted

improvements on farming

collar harness allowed horses to be used with plows

faster, easier

When you can support more people

population goes up

Knighthood

became better horsemen

expected to show courage in battle and loyalty to lords

Chivalry

code by which Knights lived

3 masters of Knights

Earthy lord, heavenly lord, chosen lady

new kingdoms

highly fragmented and decentralized society

little government

problems with feudalism

alliegiances to more than one person

relied on loyalty

king had to ask permission

no strong central government

lords constantly fighting among themselves

lords below kings but had more power

life of the nobility

entertainments, tournaments

mock battles between knights

archery, big dinners, minstrels, singers

Knight’s Templar

set up first baking system

Ancient ATM