Blood Pressure

What is blood pressure caused by?

Movement of blood through the vessels in the body

What does blood pressure measure?

The force applied to the arterial walls as the heart pumps blood

What is the blood pressure determined by?

The amount of force and quantity of blood being pumped

What does blood pressure constantly change due to?

Activity, diet, temperature, emotional state, body position, medication use, and overall health

What causes blood pressure to rise and fall with each beat?

The heart contracting and relaxing and the on and of flow of blood into the arteries

What two values is blood pressure reported at?

Systolic pressure and diastolic pressure

What is systolic pressure?

The pressure in the arteries when the ventricles are contracting

What is diastolic pressure?

The pressure in the arteries when the ventricles are relaxing

How are blood pressure values reported as?

Systolic over diastolic

What is it measured in?

Millimeters of mercury

High blood pressure is called?

Hypertension

What tool measures blood pressure?

A sphygmomanometer

What does a sphygmomanometer consist of?

An inflatable cuff with an attached pressure gauge

How is a sphygmomanometer used?

It is placed on the upper arm and inflated to cut off blood flow. Pressure in vessel is measured as the cuff is released and blood flow returns to the artery

What is blood pressure caused by?

Movement of blood through the vessels in the body

What does blood pressure measure?

The force applied to the arterial walls as the heart pumps blood

What is the blood pressure determined by?

The amount of force and quantity of blood being pumped

What does blood pressure constantly change due to?

Activity, diet, temperature, emotional state, body position, medication use, and overall health

What causes blood pressure to rise and fall with each beat?

The heart contracting and relaxing and the on and of flow of blood into the arteries

What two values is blood pressure reported at?

Systolic pressure and diastolic pressure

What is systolic pressure?

The pressure in the arteries when the ventricles are contracting

What is diastolic pressure?

The pressure in the arteries when the ventricles are relaxing

How are blood pressure values reported as?

Systolic over diastolic

What is it measured in?

Millimeters of mercury

High blood pressure is called?

Hypertension

What tool measures blood pressure?

A sphygmomanometer

What does a sphygmomanometer consist of?

An inflatable cuff with an attached pressure gauge

How is a sphygmomanometer used?

It is placed on the upper arm and inflated to cut off blood flow. Pressure in vessel is measured as the cuff is released and blood flow returns to the artery

What is blood pressure caused by?

Movement of blood through the vessels in the body

What does blood pressure measure?

The force applied to the arterial walls as the heart pumps blood

What is the blood pressure determined by?

The amount of force and quantity of blood being pumped

What does blood pressure constantly change due to?

Activity, diet, temperature, emotional state, body position, medication use, and overall health

What causes blood pressure to rise and fall with each beat?

The heart contracting and relaxing and the on and of flow of blood into the arteries

What two values is blood pressure reported at?

Systolic pressure and diastolic pressure

What is systolic pressure?

The pressure in the arteries when the ventricles are contracting

What is diastolic pressure?

The pressure in the arteries when the ventricles are relaxing

How are blood pressure values reported as?

Systolic over diastolic

What is it measured in?

Millimeters of mercury

High blood pressure is called?

Hypertension

What tool measures blood pressure?

A sphygmomanometer

What does a sphygmomanometer consist of?

An inflatable cuff with an attached pressure gauge

How is a sphygmomanometer used?

It is placed on the upper arm and inflated to cut off blood flow. Pressure in vessel is measured as the cuff is released and blood flow returns to the artery

What is normal systolic blood pressure?

Less than 120

What is normal diastolic pressure?

Less than 80

What is prehypertensive systolic blood pressure?

120 to 139

What is prehypertensive diastolic blood pressure?

80 to 89

What is stage one hypertension systolic?

140 to 159

What is stage one hypertension diastolic?

90 to 99

What is stage two hypertension systolic?

160 or higher

What is stage two hypertension diastolic?

100 or higher

What is hypertension crisis systolic?

Higher than 180

What is hypertension crisis diastolic?

Higher than 110

What are some ways to control high blood pressure without medication?

Lose weight, exercise, eat healthy, eat less sodium, drink less alcohol, decrease caffeine and quit smoking

What does ACE inhibitor stand for?

Angiostatin-converting enzyme

How does an ACE inhibitor decrease blood pressure?

By stopping an enzyme from producing the substance that producing the hormone that increases blood pressure

What are some common side effects of ACE inhibitors?

Cough, headaches, hypotension, elevated potassium, vertigo, fatigue, rash, increased uric acid levels, angina, sun sensitivity, odd tasted increased creatinine levels

What are some complications of hypertension?

Heart attack, stroke, aneurysm, memory problems, embolism, atherosclerosis(hardening of arteries)

What are some complications of hypotension?

Heart and brain damage, syncope and subsequent injuries as a result of the collapse, acute mesenteric ischemia, kidney failure, shock