APCOGO Ch 2 Vocab

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State

1 / 27

28 Terms

1

State

Political institutions with international recognition that govern a population in a territory

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2

Government

Institutions and individuals that make legally binding decisions for the state and that have the lawful right to use power to enforce those decisions

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3

Bureaucracy

A set of appointed officials and government workers who carry out policies

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4

Sovereignty

A state’s ability to act without internal or external interference

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5

Regime

A type of government, either democratic or authoritarian

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6

Coup d’etat

An overthrow of government by a small number of people, often military leaders

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7

Revolution

An overthrow of a regime based on widespread popular support

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8

Nation

A group of people who share a sense of belonging and who often have a common language, culture, religion, race, ethnicity, political identity, or traditions

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9

Nationalism

When a group has a strong sense of identity and believes it has its own destiny

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10

Liberal democracy

A system with free and fair elections and in which a wide array of civil liberties and civil rights are protected

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11

Authoritarian state

A system without free and fair elections and in which civil liberties and civil rights are restricted

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12

Totalitarian state

A type of authoritarian government where the state controls nearly all aspects of citizens’ lives

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13

Illiberal, flawed, or hybrid democracy

A system in which elections may be marred by fraud and the state protects some civil liberties and civil rights but restricts others

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14

Rule of law

A clear set of rules where government officials are subject to the same laws and penalties as citizens

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15

Rule by law

Where the law is applied arbitrarily and government officials are not subject to the same rules as citizens

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16

Democratic backsliding

A decline in the quality of democracy, including a decrease in civic participation, rule of law, transparency, and accountability

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17

Power

The ability to make someone do something they would otherwise not do

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18

Authority

The legitimate power a state has over people within its territory

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19

Theocracy

A system based on religious rule

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20

Coersion

The use or threat of force to get someone to do something they would otherwise not do

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21

Legitimacy

The citizens’ belief that the government has the right to rule

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22

Political efficacy

A citizens’ belief that their actions can impact the government

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23

Traditional legitimacy

The right to rule based on a society’s long-standing patterns and practices

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24

Charismatic legitimacy

The right to rule based on personal virtue, heroism, and other characteristics

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25

Rational-legal legitimacy

The right to rule based on an accepted set of laws

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26

Unitary system

A political system in which the central government has sole constitutional power and sovereignty

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27

Federal system

A political system in which a state’s power is legally and constitutionally divided among more than one level of government

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28

Devolution

Granting of powers by the central government to regional governments

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