Blood: MIDTERM 2

Hematology

Branch of medicine focused on the study, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases related to blood, bone marrow and lymphatic system.

Study of blood.

Serum

Blood liquid without the clotting factors (after clotting)

Albumins

-60%

-Helps maintain bloods osmotic pressure and transports substances.

-Transports fatty acids, thyroid hormones some steroid hormones

Globulins

-35%

-Include antibodies that help fight infections

-Transports globulins including hormone-binding proteins and steroid binding proteins.

Fibrinogen

-4%

-Essential for blood clotting

• Converted to insoluble Fibrin

Average blood ph

7.35-7.45

Hemopoiesis

Process of producing formed elements; stem cells

Normal range hematocrit

Female: 42%

Male:46%

Normal range of blood volume for females and males

Female: 4.2-5.5

Male:4.5-6.3

Antibodies

Produced by a WBC called B lymphocytes (a type of leukocyte) found mainly in lymoh nodes and the spleen

Erythrocytes (RBCs)

Made in the red bone marrow.

Heparin

• (anticoagulant): promotes the mobility of other WBCs in the area.

• Produced by mast cells and basophils found in connective tissues.-

Histamine

• Produced by mast cells and basophils

• (Vasodilator): Promotes the mobility of other wbcs in the area.

Erythropoietin

• A hormone mainly produced in the kidneys that simulates red blood cell production in the red bone marrow.

Leukocytes WBCs

Mostly produced in the bone marrow; some mature in lymphoid organs like the thymus and lymph nodes.

Multi-CSF

Produced my various cells including fibroblasts and endothelial cells; it stimulates the production of multiple blood cell types in the bone marrow.

Plasma proteins

Mainly synthesized in the liver.

Red blood cells

Essential for the transport of oxygen in the blood.

• Carry hemoglobin

Hemoglobin

• Red pigment that gives whole blood its color

• Binds and transports O2 and CO2

• Carry oxygen from the lungs to all the tissues and organs in the body,

• Also helps transport a small amount of CO2

Heme

• Part of hemoglobin

• Contains an iron atom at its center, and this iron is what attaches to oxygen in the lungs.

• Makes oxygen transport possible

Iron

• Helps make hemoglobin'

• Binds oxygen, allowing rbcs to transport oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.