Anatomy and Physiology EMR Chapter 5

Flashcards for Anatomy and Physiology lecture review.

Anatomy

The study of structure.

Topographic Anatomy

Anatomy that looks at the external surfaces and underlying structures.

Gross Anatomy

Anatomy that looks at structures visible to the naked eye.

Microscopic Anatomy

Anatomy that looks at structures only visible through a microscope.

Physiology

The study of biological function.

Homeostasis

The body's state of balance between all the body processes.

Ligaments

Structures that attach bone to bone.

Cranium

Part of the skull containing the brain.

Mandible

Freely movable bone of the lower jaw.

Vertebrae

Bones that form the spinal column.

Cervical Spine

Seven vertebrae forming the neck.

Thoracic Spine

Twelve vertebrae forming the upper back.

Lumbar Spine

Five vertebrae forming the lower back.

Sacrum

Five fused vertebrae forming the posterior pelvic girdle.

Coccyx

Four vertebrae forming the tailbone.

Sternum

The breastbone.

Xiphoid Process

Cartilage at the inferior end of the sternum.

Ilium

Major bone of the pelvic girdle; contains the iliac crests.

Ischium

Bone that forms the loops on the inferior pelvis.

Pubis

Anterior portion of the pelvis.

Clavicle

Collarbone.

Scapula

Shoulder blade.

Humerus

Bone of the arm.

Radius

Lateral bone of the lower arm.

Ulna

Medial bone of the lower arm.

Femur

Bone of the leg; largest bone in the body.

Tibia

Larger, medial bone of the lower leg.

Fibula

Smaller, lateral bone of the lower leg.

Immovable Joints

Bone joints that are fused together.

Slightly Movable Joints

Bone joints that have a limited range of motion.

Freely Movable Joints

Bone joints that have a great range of motion.

Tendons

Cords of tissue that connect muscles to bones.

Voluntary Muscle

Muscle type under conscious control.

Involuntary Muscle

Muscle type not under conscious control.

Cardiac Muscle

Muscle type found only in the heart.

Ventilation

The mechanical process of moving air in and out of the body.

Respiration

Movement of air in and out of the lungs.

Inspiration

Movement of air into the lungs.

Expiration

Movement of air out of the lungs.

Pharynx

Throat.

Larynx

The voice box

Trachea

The windpipe.