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What are the functions of a circulatory system?
O2, blood, nutrients, CO2 metabolic waste, cells of immune system, hormones
What is anastomoses?
Unions (e.g. between tissues, organs, arteries, veins)
What does the term cephalic refer to?
head
What does the term jugular refer to?
neck
What does the term brachium refer to?
arm
What does the term axillary fossa refer to?
armpit
What does the term Popliteal fossa refer to?
back of the knee
What does the term clavicle refer to?
collar bone
What does the term radius refer to?
lies laterally
What does the term ulna refer to?
lies medially
What does the term ilium refer to?
hip region
What does the term femur refer to?
thigh
What does the term tibia refer to?
leg
What kind of pressure is in systemic circulation?
High pressure system
What kind of pressure is in pulmonary circulation?
Low pressure system
What is a portal vessel?
Joins 2 capillary beds between arteries and veins
Where is the hepatic portal system?
Between GI tract and liver
Where is the hypophyseal portal system?
between the hypothalamus and pituitary gland
What is different about foetal circulation?
Specialised
Lungs, liver and GI tract not sufficiently developed in foetus
Therefore they are bypassed
What does the lymphatic circulation consist of?
Network of lymph vessel and lymph nodes
Lymph
Lymphatic tissues and organs
What are the function of the lymphatic circulation?
Involved in the body’s defence mechanisms
Provides a mechanism for the draining of excess interstitial fluid
How much interstitial fluid is usually left behind in tissues?
15%
What is lymph?
Excess interstitial fluid that has just entered the lymphatic capillaries
What are lymph capillaries?
Blind ended tubes that are located adjacent to capillary beds
What is the route of lymphatic drainage?
Lymph capillaries → Lymph vessels → Kymph nodes → lymph trunks → thoracic duct/ right lymphatic duct
What are lymph nodes and what happens in them?
Encapsulated aggregations of lymphocytes along the lymphatic vessels
They filter the lymph and trap foreign particles
Some particles destroyed by macrophages
Lymphocytes initiate various immune response
Lymphatic drainage in the right side head, neck, thorax and upper limb
Drains to right lymphatic duct
Right subclavian vein
Lymphatic drainage from the rest of the body (exc. right side head, neck, thorax, and upper limb)
Drains to the thoracic duct
Left subclavian vein
Note 
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