Chapter 1 - Communication and Communicative Disorders

Communication

a process by which information is exchanged between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior

Information

* Thoughts and ideas
* Feelings/emotions

Exchanged

* Verbally
* Writing/Reading
* Facial Expression
* Gesture/body language
* Sign language
* Touch
* Hugs, holding hands, hand on shoulder

Communication Process

* Formulating
* Transmitting
* Receiving
* Comprehending

Formulating

The ability to put thoughts and ideas into words or signs or symbols

Transmitting

Organizing and coordinating speech muscles or limbs (signing) with thoughts and ideas

Receiving

Our ability to use our sensory system (hearing, vision, touch) to transmit information to the brain

Comprehending

Decoding and understanding the message that was sent

Communicative Disorders

* Occur when individuals have difficulty formulating, transmitting, receiving, or understanding language
* Perhaps due to a failure to develop or a loss of the ability. 

Disorders

* Speech sounds
* Language
* Neurological Impairment
* Voice 
* Fluency 


* Hearing 

**Professionals in Communication Disorders** 

* Speech-Language Pathologist
* Audiologists

Speech-language Pathologist  

Professionals trained to identify, diagnose, treat, and help prevent communicative disorders and swallowing disorders

* Licensed and independent professionals

Audiologists

Specialists trained in the non medical treatment of hearing, balance, and other related ear problems

* Licensed and Independent

Speech-Language Pathologists Training

* Master’s degree (M.S. or M.A.)/ASHA Accredited program (278/2019) 
* 36 hours of coursework 
* 400 hours client contact 
* Two years to complete 
* 36 week clinical fellowship 

SLP Certification and Licensure

* Certification of Clinical Competence 
* State License 
* Continuing Education

AUD Training

* Doctoral Degree (PhD, EdD, AuD/Accredited programs (78/2019) 
* 75 hours coursework 
* 52 weeks/1820 hours clinical practice 
* 3-4 years to complete 

AUD Certification and Licensure

* Certification of Clinical Competence 
* State License 
* American Board of Audiology Certification 
* Continuing Education 

SLP Employment

* 50% educational setting (early childhood, public & private schools university clinics) 
* 50% Health care (hospitals, nursing homes, long-term, care

Audiology Employment

* Health care facilities (hospitals, ENT offices) 
* Hearing aid manufactures (sales, research, product development) 


* Universities (teaching, supervision, research) 

American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA)

* Is the professional organization representing SLPs, audiologists, and speech-language and hearing scientists. 


* “Advocates on behalf of persons with communicative disorders, advances communicative science, and promotes “effective human communication.” 


* Enforces a code of ethics for its members 

American Academy of Audiology (AAA)

* The largest professional organization for audiologists 
* “dedicated to providing quality hearing care services through professional development, education, research and increased public awareness of hearing and balance disorders.