SCIE Ecology: Food Chains & Food Webs

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6 Terms

1
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Habitat

  • Physical location where an organism lives

  • EX: red squirrel lives in coniferous forest

2
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Niche

  • specific way that an organism lives and interacts within the habitat.

  • EX: squirrel eats nuts, lives in hallow trees,

3
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Niche 3 factors

  • physical factors (sunlight, soil, ph)

  • biological factors (competitors, prey, predator)

  • behavioral factors (movement, social organization)

4
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<p>Food chains </p>

Food chains

  • simplistic representations using one organism from each trophic level,

  • energy flows once through a food chain, but matter cycles again and again

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<p>Food webs </p>

Food webs

  • provide a much more complex and detailed picture of how energy flows (overlapping food chains)

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<p>Energy pyramids </p>

Energy pyramids

  • as energy moves up through trophic levels, the vast majority of energy is lost

  • only 10% of the energy available at each level is available for organisms in the next level.

  • Energy is LOST at each level of the food chain, but decomposers keep matter cycling again and again.