7.1: The Overview of the Skeletal System

What does the term “skeleton” mean?

“dried framework”

What are the functions of the bones? (5)

Support, aid in movement, protection, blood cell formation, and the storage of fat and minerals

What is included in the skeletal system (accessory structures and tissues)

Bones, tendons, ligaments, cartilage, blood vessels, and nerves

What do bones, tendons, ligaments, and cartilage work together as?

Joints (to provide structure and movement in the body)

What are the two major divisions of the skeletal system?

Axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton

Acetabulum

Depression of the hip bone that articulates with the head of the femur

Axial Skeleton (bones included and function)

Bones of the skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum

Osteoblast

Cell that forms bone tissue

Canaliculus

Tubular passage

Osteoclast

Cell that breaks down bone tissue

Clavicle

Bone that articulates with the sternum and scapula

Condyle

Rounded, bony process

Coracoid process

Break-like process of the scapula

Cribriform plate

Portion of the ethmoid bone with many small openings

Crista galli

Bony ridge that projects upwards into the cranial cavity

Osteocyte

Bone cell that maintains the bone tissue

Fovea capitis

Pit in the head of a femur

Glenoid cavity

Depression in the scapula that articulates with the head of a humerus

Inter-

Among, between

Intra-

Inside

Intervertebral disc

Structure between vertebrae

Intramembranous bone

Bone that forms within sheetlike masses of connective tissue

Lamella

Thin, bony plate

Meatus

Natural opening or passage in the body

Odontoid process

Tooth-like process of the second cervical vertebra

Hematopoiesis

Process that forms blood cells

What are the living tissues in a bone?

Bone cells (osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes), blood, nerves, and bone marrow

Bone marrow

A soft, spongy tissue found inside bones that produces blood cells and platelets

Tendons

Dense regular connective tissue that connects muscle to bone for movement and stability

Ligaments

Dense regular connective tissue that connects bone to bone for stability

Cartilage

Hyaline and fibrocartilage tissue that protects, cushions, reduces friction, and support; lacks blood supply and slow to heal

What makes up the appendicular skeleton

Girdles and limbs

How many bones makes up the adult human skeleton?

206