Indian Independence pt 1

When did the British first enter India?

1600 (in the name of the British East India Company for the purpose of trade)

When did the British first establish their rule in Bengal, India?

1757

After which war was British rule established in Bengal?

Battle of Plassey and Buxar

What is the first rebellion of the English war by the Indians?

The Sepoy Mutiny of 1857

Whom did the then Prime Minister of Nepal, Jung Bahadur Rana, help in the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857?

British

What was the immediate cause of the start of the Sepoy Mutiny in India?

The execution of an Indian named Mangal Pandey

When was the Indian National Congress established?

December 28, 1885

When did the Indian independence movement start in an organized manner?

1885 (continued for 62 years and completed in 1947)

When was India declared an independent nation?

August 15, 1947

When was Pakistan declared an independent nation?

August 14, 1947

How long did the British rule in India last?

190 years (direct rule: 1858 to 1947)

When was India declared a republic?

January 26, 1950

When was Mahatma Gandhi, a prominent figure of the non-violent movement, born?

October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, Gujarat

When did Mahatma Gandhi return home from South Africa?

1915

When did Mahatma Gandhi start the non-cooperation movement based on non-violence?

1920

When did Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi start being called Mahatma Gandhi?

From the Non-Cooperation Movement

The non-violent movement led by Mahatma Gandhi eventually turned into which movement?

Quit-India movement

Who is known as the Father of the Nation of India?

Mahatma Gandhi

What is the period from 1919-1947 in the history of the Indian independence movement known as?

Gandhi Era

Causes of the Indian Independence Movement

Social and religious awakening, Imperialist policy of the British government, Economic exploitation, racial discrimination, and bias in government service, Western education (Indians became familiar with English education and acquired Western knowledge, especially knowledge about freedom and democratic values, which helped in national awakening), Indian literature, Newspapers (Amrit Bazar, Tribune, Pioneer, etc.), Lord Lytton's reactionary policies, Establishment of the Indian National Congress

Who is the politician who said, "Division will be on my dead body"?

Mahatma Gandhi (Gandhi, a strong supporter of Hindu-Muslim unity, wanted India not to be divided at any cost, but India was divided during his lifetime.)

When was Mahatma Gandhi assassinated?

January 30, 1948

Who killed Mahatma Gandhi?

Nathuram Godse

When did Mahatma Gandhi start the spinning wheel movement?

In 1920

What was the purpose of the spinning wheel movement?

Gandhi encouraged Indians to use the charkha (spinning wheel) to spin their own cotton yarn and make khadi (hand-spun cloth). It was a peaceful protest against British-manufactured clothes, which were made from Indian cotton sent to British factories and sold back to Indians at high prices.

What were the goals of the charkha andolan?

Economic Independence, Swadeshi (self-reliance), National Unity, Non-violent Resistance

The non-cooperation movement boycotted

Foreign goods

When did the British government implement the 'Rowlatt Act'?

In March 18, 1919

Features of the Rowlatt Act

Arrest without trial, Censorship, Banning of public gatherings, Increased powers for the police

In the anti-British movement (anti-Rowlatt movement specifically), nearly 400 people were killed when unarmed people gathered to hold a meeting in a garden in Jallianwala (Amritsar) were shot at without warning. When did this incident happen?

April 13, 1919

When was Mahatma Gandhi arrested during the noncooperation movement?

March 10, 1922 (for sedition of Chauri-chaura incident, where protesters clashed with the police, resulting in the deaths of 22 policemen who were burned alive)

When did the British government introduce the Salt Act in India?

In 1882 (Indians were forbidden from producing their own salt and had to buy it from the British government, monopolising it.)

What was the Dandi march?

On March 12, 1930, Gandhi and a group of his followers began a 240mile march from Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad to Dandi, a coastal village in Gujarat, where they would make salt from the sea, in direct violation of the Salt Act. This march lasted for 24 days and ended on April 6, 1930 when Gandhi reached Dandi and made the illegal salt.

Who was the British ruler who said that education should be given in India through the English medium?

Lord Macaulay (to increase the dominance of the English language) (in 1835)