Tropical Cyclones and Hurricane Seasons

This set of flashcards covers key concepts, definitions, and information related to tropical cyclones and their classifications, including notable historical hurricanes.

Tropical Cyclone

A warm-core, non-frontal synoptic-scale cyclone originating over tropical or subtropical waters with organized deep convection and a closed surface wind circulation around a well-defined center.

Hurricane

A tropical cyclone in which the maximum sustained surface wind is 64 knots (74 mph) or greater.

Tropical Storm

A tropical cyclone with maximum sustained winds ranging from 34 to 63 knots (39 to 73 mph) inclusive.

Tropical Depression

A tropical cyclone in which the maximum sustained surface wind is 33 knots (38 mph) or less.

Eyewall Replacement Cycle

A process in major hurricanes where an outer rain band strengthens and forms a new eyewall, replacing the inner eyewall, usually resulting in initial weakening of the storm but potential subsequent restrengthening.

Life Cycle of a Tropical Cyclone

The stages include Tropical Disturbance, Tropical Depression, Tropical Storm, and Hurricane.

Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale

A classification scale for hurricanes based on sustained wind speeds and the potential damage they can cause.

Storm Surge

A rise in water level caused by the wind and pressure effects of a storm, often resulting in coastal flooding.

El Niño

A climatic condition that affects the frequency of hurricanes by altering sea surface temperatures.

NOAA

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, which conducts research, monitoring, and forecasting concerning tropical cyclones.