American Revolution

George Washington + Hamilton

________ believed that war had to be avoided at all costs; nation in 1793 was still militarly, economically, and politically disunited.

George Washington

Was unanimously drafted as president by the ELectoral College in 1789.

William Henry Harrison

In fall of 1811, He was the governor of Indiana Territory- gathered an army and advanced on Tecumseh´s headquarters at junction of Wabash and Tippecanoe Rivers in Indiana.

John Marshall

Declared bank constitutional by invoking the Hamiltonian doctrine of implied powers; strengthened federal authority and slapped at state infringemenets when he denied the right of Maryland to tax the bank.

Rush Bagot Agreement

________: between RBitain and the Us severely limited naval armament on teh lakes.

Jefferson

Was a noninterventionist, pacifist, critic of a big- shape navy during the war of 1812

Dartmouth decision

Had the fortunate effect of safeguarding business enterprise from domination by the state governments.

Napoleon Bonaparte

Induced the king of Spain to cede to France the immense Trans- Mississippi region of Louisiana, which included the New Orleans area.

President appointing

appointed through electoral college; senators= chosen indirectly by state legislatures (later changed with 17th amendment); House of representatives= elected by eligible voters residing in congressional districts that candidate will represent.

Non Intercourse ACt

The Non Intercourse ACt of 1809 was set to expire in 1810.

Judiciary Act

Judiciary of 1789 organized Supreme Court- with chief justice and 5 associates, as well as federal district and circuit courts, and est.

Civic

Civic virtue: notion that democracy depended on the unselfish commitment of each citizen to the public good; and this responsibility befell upon mothers, who morally educated their young.

Alexander Hamilton

Alexander Hamilton favored a much strong central government; him, John Jay, and James Madison wrote a series of articles for the NY papers.

Mercantilism

________ justified their control over the colonies- believed that wealth was power and that a countrys economic wealth (military + political power)= measured by amt of gold or silver in its treasury.

Jackson

Andrew Jackson excised the excise tax, but left the Hamiltonian framework essentially intact; did not tamper with FEderalist programs for funding the national debt at par and assuming the Revolutionary War debts of the states; no attack on the bank of the US nor did they repeal the mildly protective Federalist tariff.

Olive Branch Petition

In July 1775, Continental Congress adopted the Olive Branch Petition, professing American loyalty to the crown and begging the king to prevent further hostilities.

Richard Henry Lee

[A] ________: Was a member of the Philadelphia Congress during the late 1770's.

Franco

Treaty= violation of ________- American treaty; didnt want america to ally themselves with Britain.

Britain

The treaty provided for a 10 year occupation of Oregon country, without a surrender of the rights or claims of either AMerica or Britain.

France

In 1792, ________ declared war on Austria; ________ declared itself a republic.

Marbury v Madison

Supreme Court decision declaring part of the Judiciary Act of 1789 unconstitutional, thereby establishing an important precedent in favor of judicial review.

Harford resolutions

The Hartford Resolutions were the death of the Federalist party

Napoleon

________ ordered seizure of all merchant ships, including American, that entered British ports.

British East India Company

The British East India Company was awarded a monopoly of the American tea colonies by the London Government.

Impressment

forcible enlistment of sailors- form of conscription that the British.

Anglicization:

the act of making something or someone English in either character or form

Republicanism:

Defined a just society as one in which all citizens willingly subordinated their private, selfish interests to the common good. Both the stability of society and the authority of gov. Thus depended on the virtue of the citizenry

Quartering Act of 1765:

The Measure required certain colonies to provide food and quarters for British troops

Sugar Act of 1764:

First law passed by Parliament for raising tax revenue in the colonies for the crown; increased duty on foreign sugar imported from West Indies

Boston Massacre:

Crowd of townspeople began taunting redcoats

The troops opened fire and killed/wounded 11 citizens

First to die was Crispus Attucks

Stamp Tax:

It raised revenues to support new military force; act mandated use of stamped paper, certifying payment of tax

Declaratory Act:

Parliament had right to bind colonies in all cases whatsoever

Townsend Acts:

New regulations w/import duty on lead, paper, paint, and tea

Intolerable Acts:

Series of measures passed in retaliation for the Boston Tea Party: closing Port of Boston, revoking a number of rights in Massachusetts colonial charter, and expanding the Quartering Act to allow for lodging of soldiers in private homes. In response, colonists convened the First continental Congress and called for a complete boycott of British goods

Quebec Act:

Allowed French residents of Quebec to retain their traditional political and religious institutions, and extended boundaries of the province southward to the Ohio River. The act was mistakenly perceived by the colonists to be part of Parliament’s response to the Boston tea party

Land Ordinance of 1785:

Provided that acreage of the Old Northwest should be sold and that the proceeds should be used to help pay off the national debt

The land was divided into townships (6sq miles split into 36 sections of 1 sq/ mile each)

The 16th section of each township was set aside to be sold for benefit of public schools

Northwest Ordinance:

Law came to grips with problem of how a nation should deal with its colonies: Temporary tutelage, then permanent equality

When a territory had 60,000 people, it might be admitted by Congress as a state, with all the privileges of the 13 charter members; ordinance also forbade slavery in the Old Northwest