Erythrocytic Enzyme Defects and Acquired Hemolytic Anemia

These flashcards cover key concepts related to erythrocytic enzyme defects and acquired hemolytic anemias, including important definitions, terms, and associated microorganisms.

Acquired Hemolytic Anemia

A form of anemia characterized by premature destruction of red blood cells due to various acquired factors such as immune reactions, infections, or drug-induced effects.

Bartonella bacilliformis

A bacterium associated with hemolytic anemia, known to cause Carrion's disease.

Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH)

A rare, acquired blood disorder caused by mutations leading to increased destruction of red blood cells and associated with episodes of hemoglobinuria.

Warm-Type Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia

A type of anemia where red blood cells are destroyed by antibodies at body temperature (37°C), typically involving IgG.

Cold-Type Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia

A type of anemia characterized by the destruction of red blood cells at colder temperatures (4°C), often involving IgM antibodies.

Hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN)

A condition caused by Rh or ABO incompatibility between mother and fetus leading to the destruction of fetal red blood cells.

Hemolysis

The breakdown or destruction of red blood cells, leading to the release of hemoglobin.

Complement system

A part of the immune system that enhances the ability to clear pathogens and damaged cells, promotes inflammation, and attacks the pathogen's cell membrane.

Immunophenotyping

A process used to identify and study the characteristics of cells, especially for diagnosing diseases like PNH using flow cytometry.

Hemosiderinuria

The presence of hemosiderin in the urine, indicating the breakdown of red blood cells and chronic intravascular hemolysis.