Studied by 28 peopleMark Twain was alive from…
1835-1910
What influenced Mark Twain’s stories?
Time spent in Western mining camps and Mississippi River
What journal did all three major Realists write in?
The Atlantic Monthly
Did Mark Twain participate in the Civil War?
No
What did Mark Twain’s work focus on?
Local color, humor, satire
What was Mark Twains first major success?
The Notorious Jumping From of Calavares County
What was Mark Twains most famous story?
Huckleberry Finn
When was William Dean Howells alive?
1837-1920
Where did William Dean Howells go during the Civil War?
Venice because Lincoln appointed him to United States Consul
William Dean Howells's education
well-educated
Where did WDH learn publishing?
His dad
Did WDH serve in the Civil War?
No
What was WDH against in literature?
sensational and salacious, preferred real over ideal
1st phase of Henry James’ literature
drama, comic, and ragic of American in Europe/European in America
2nd phase of Henry James’ literature
diverse themes and forms
3rd phase of Henry James’ literature
“major phase,” complex narrative and moral challenge
What was a common theme in Henry James’ characters?
sacrifice happiness for principle
Where was Henry James born?
America
Where did Henry James go?
Europe
Common themes of Henry James
young people vs. Pressures of society and clashes between European and American Values
When was Henry James alive?
1843-1916
Did Ambrose Bierce have a good education?
Grew up poor but his father liked books
Was Ambrose Bierce involved in the Civil War?
Yes, he fought for the Union Army
What happened to Ambrose Bierce?
He went to fight in the Mexican-American Revolution and dissapeared
What was Ambrose Bierce’s personality?
Bitter and cynical, pessimistic
What did Ambrose Bierce combine in his stories?
paranormal and hallucinations with everyday life
When was Kate Chopin alive?
1850-1904
What happened to Kate Chopin’s dad?
Died in a train wreck when she was young
What happened to Kate Chopin’s mom and husband?
Both died so she was left to take care of 6 children alone
What was Kate Chopin influenced by?
living in New Orleans
What was Kate Chopin’s focus?
domestic realism, women’s self-identity/discovery, women’s sexual desires
When was Mary Wilkins Freeman alive?
1852-1930
When did Mary Wilkins Freeman mary?
In her 40s
How was Mary Wilkins Freeman raised?
Orthodox Christian
What happened to Mary Wilkins Freeman’s parents?
both died by the time she was 28
What did Mary Wilkins Freeman’s literature focus on?
domestic realism, women’s roles in marriage and independence
Did Jack London have education
Yes but it was sperratic
Important points of Jack London’s life
Spent time in jail, worked as an oyster pirate, and mined gold in the Yukon
What influenced Jack London’s writing?
working-class upbringing paired with Marx, Darwin, and Nietzsche’s theories
What genre is Jack London known for?
dog stories
When was Charlotte Perkins Gilman alive?
1860-1935
What did Charlotte Perkins Gilman describe herself as?
“masculinist” = against traditional gender roles
What was Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s childhood like?
Her father left her and her mother offered little attention
What happened to Charlotte Perkins Gilman after having a child?
She became depressed and was institutionalized
Who was Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s doctor while she was mentally ill?
Dr. S. Weir Mitchell
Name of Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s feminist manifesto
Women and Economics
How did Charlotte Perkins Gilman die?
killed herself after figuring out she had terminal cancer
What was Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s job?
Lecturer and reformer
What was Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s theory?
sexuo-economics: things should be shared between men and women
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