Materials Exam 2 Study Guide

Natural Fiber Types

wool

silk

cellulosics

linen

cotton

minor natural fibers

Synthetic Fiber Types

Nylon

Polypropelene (olefin)

Acrylic

polyester

Carpet Construction Methods

Tufting - two step – backing and yarn - broadloom

Weaving – most durable

Knitted – loop pile

Fusion bond – cut pile

Flocked – velour

Needle punched – tiles and rug

Modular tiles

Sheering – loop or cut loop

Highest quality carpets are dense with yarns close together.

Carpet Tufting Types

Tufting - two step – backing and yarn - broadloom

Weaving – most durable

Knitted – loop pile

Fusion bond – cut pile

Flocked – velour

Needle punched – tiles and rug

Sheering – loop or cut loop

Carpet Dye Methods

Finishes can be applied before installation backings or cushions anti-static – anti-microbial – stain-repellent

Pre-Dyed and Post-Dyed

Solution dyed – stock dyeing – space dyeing – skein dyeing

Beck – Piece – Continuous – Printing – Differential

Carpet Pad Uses/Functions

Serves as the foundation where the carpets are installed.

Main purpose of carpet padding is to protect your carpeting.

The pad keeps the underside of your carpet from wearing against the bare floor.

Helps the impact of heavy furniture and foot traffic.

Wood Grades

Select - #1 Common, #2 Common

Wood Grains

Wood Cutting Techniques

Engineered Wood Characteristics

Plywood, oriented-strand board (OSB), Particleboard (MDF), veneer, laminated

Wood with added resin, binders and glue:

More stable. Better for large area coverage • Durable • Utilize waste Grain – natural pattern specific to species Figuring – alterations to typical grain pattern Color – bleaching, staining, natural patina Veneer Grades – AA, A, B, C

Wood figuring types

Resilient flooring types

Linoleum

Rubber – plank and tile

Vinyl plank, sheet, tile

Cork

Leather

Resilient Flooring Cove Techniques

Cap & Cove System

Set-In vs. Sit-On Cove Base

Integral Cove Base

Corner Techniques

Welding and Sealing

Characteristics of Porcelain Tile

pressed from dry clay

fired

impervious – polished

unpolished

matte

textured

-durable

-waterproof

-Best Uses: High-traffic areas, kitchens, bathrooms, commercial spaces, and outdoor patios.

Characteristics of Ceramic Tile

glazed

heat set

textured

painted

variety of thickness

shape

-softer, more porous

-not very waterproof

-Low-to-medium traffic, indoor floors, kitchen backsplashes, and bathroom walls.

Brick pavers

T h i n n e r – u s u a l l y ½ ” t o 1 ” t h i c k .

Ea s i e r t o i n s t a l l a s f l o o r i n g o r o n t h e w a l l .

D u r a b l e , l o n g - l a s t i n g , p r e f a b r i c a t e d

Ca n a d d t o s o u n d a n d f i r e r e s i s t a n c e p r o p e r t i e s

Li g h t e r w e i g h t

Glass Tile

durable, non-porous material known for being impervious to moisture and stains, making it ideal for wet areas like bathrooms and kitchens.