APUSH Unit 7A Key Terms

Yellow journalism

Sensationalized news reporting that emphasizes exaggeration and scandal to attract readers, often at the expense of accuracy.

Josiah Strong

A Protestant clergyman and advocate of American expansionism, promoting the idea of American cultural superiority and the belief in 'manifest destiny'.

Alfred Mahan

A United States naval officer and historian whose writings influenced the development of the U.S. Navy and world maritime policy.

Emilio Aguinaldo

A Filipino revolutionary leader who played a key role in the Philippines' struggle for independence from Spain.

Teller Amendment

An 1898 congressional resolution stating that the U.S. would not annex Cuba after the Spanish-American War.

Platt Amendment

A 1901 amendment to the Cuban constitution allowing U.S. intervention in Cuban affairs.

Open Door Policy

A U.S. policy advocating for equal trading rights among nations in China.

The Roosevelt Corollary

A 1904 assertion by President Theodore Roosevelt that the U.S. could intervene in Latin America to stabilize economic affairs.

The Insular Cases

A series of Supreme Court cases addressing the constitutional status of U.S. territories acquired in the Spanish-American War.

Spanish-American War

A conflict in 1898 between the U.S. and Spain resulting in the U.S. acquisition of territories.

16th Amendment

The constitutional amendment ratified in 1913 allowing Congress to levy an income tax.

17th Amendment

The constitutional amendment ratified in 1913 establishing direct election of U.S. Senators.

18th Amendment

The constitutional amendment ratified in 1919 prohibiting the manufacture and sale of alcohol.

19th Amendment

The constitutional amendment ratified in 1920 granting women the right to vote.

Initiative, referendum, recall

Democratic processes allowing citizens to propose legislation, vote on laws, or remove officials from office.

Ida Tarbell

A leading muckraker known for her investigative reporting on the Standard Oil Company.

Lincoln Steffens

A journalist and muckraker focusing on political corruption in American cities.

Robert M. LaFollete

Progressive politician who served as Governor of Wisconsin and advocated for government reforms.

Frances Willard

Leader of the women's suffrage movement and the temperance movement.

Square Deal

President Theodore Roosevelt's domestic program focused on fairness for all Americans.

Pure Food and Drug Act

A 1906 law aimed at regulating the sale of contaminated foods and drugs.

Meat Inspection Act

A 1906 law mandating sanitary standards for meatpacking facilities.

Social Gospel

A religious movement advocating for social justice issues based on Christian ethics.

Scientific Management

An approach to management analyzing workflows to improve economic efficiency.

Conservationism

A movement aimed at protecting natural resources and promoting sustainable use.

Preservationism

An environmental philosophy advocating for the protection of nature from human exploitation.

Woodrow Wilson

The 28th President of the United States known for his leadership during World War I.

Lusitania

A British ocean liner sunk by a German U-boat, contributing to U.S. entry into World War I.

14 Points

A statement of principles for peace negotiations proposed by President Woodrow Wilson.

League of Nations

An international organization founded after World War I aiming to promote peace.

George Creel

The head of the Committee on Public Information during World War I.

Espionage Act

A 1917 law making it a crime to aid the enemy or obstruct military recruitment.

Sedition Act

A 1918 extension of the Espionage Act prohibiting criticism of the U.S. government.

Schenck vs. US

A landmark Supreme Court case establishing the 'clear and present danger' test.

Great Migration

The movement of over a million African Americans from the rural South to Northern cities.

War Industries Board

A U.S. government agency established during World War I to coordinate war material production.

Henry Cabot Lodge

A U.S. Senator known for opposing the League of Nations.

Treaty of Versailles

The treaty that ended World War I, imposing reparations on Germany.

Zimmerman Note

A secret diplomatic communication proposing a German-Mexican military alliance.

Irreconcilables

U.S. Senators opposing the Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations.

Reservationists

A faction of U.S. Senators supporting the Treaty of Versailles with amendments.