APUSH Unit 7A Key Terms

IDs Part One

Flashcards on Historical Terms

1. Yellow journalismDefinition: Sensationalized news reporting that emphasizes exaggeration and scandal to attract readers, often at the expense of accuracy. Example: The reporting on the explosion of the USS Maine that fueled the Spanish-American War.

2. Alfred MahanDefinition: A United States naval officer and historian whose writings on naval strategy and sea power influenced the development of the U.S. Navy and world maritime policy.

3. Emilio AguinaldoDefinition: A Filipino revolutionary leader who played a key role in the Philippines' struggle for independence from Spain and later fought against American rule during the Philippine-American War.

4. Teller AmendmentDefinition: An 1898 congressional resolution stating that the United States would not annex Cuba after the Spanish-American War and that Cubans would control their own government.

5. Platt AmendmentDefinition: A 1901 amendment to the Cuban constitution that permitted U.S. intervention in Cuban affairs and established Guantanamo Bay as a U.S. naval base.

6. Open Door PolicyDefinition: A U.S. policy established in the late 19th and early 20th centuries advocating for equal trading rights among nations in China and the preservation of China's territorial integrity.

7. The Roosevelt CorollaryDefinition: A 1904 assertion by President Theodore Roosevelt that the U.S. could intervene in Latin American countries to stabilize economic affairs and prevent European intervention.

8. The Insular CasesDefinition: A series of Supreme Court cases in the early 1900s that addressed the constitutional status of U.S. territories acquired in the Spanish-American War, determining that not all rights in the Constitution applied to these territories.

9. Spanish-American WarDefinition: A conflict in 1898 between the United States and Spain, resulting in the U.S. acquisition of territories such as Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines.

10. 16th AmendmentDefinition: The constitutional amendment, ratified in 1913, that allowed Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states or basing it on the U.S. Census.

11. 17th AmendmentDefinition: The constitutional amendment, ratified in 1913, that established the direct election of U.S. Senators by popular vote.

12. 18th AmendmentDefinition: The constitutional amendment, ratified in 1919, that prohibited the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcohol in the United States (Prohibition).

13. 19th AmendmentDefinition: The constitutional amendment, ratified in 1920, that granted women the right to vote in the United States.

14. Initiative, referendum, recallDefinition: Democratic processes allowing citizens to propose legislation (initiative), vote on proposed laws (referendum), or remove elected officials from office (recall).

15. Ida TarbellDefinition: A leading muckraker and journalist known for her investigative reporting on the Standard Oil Company, revealing its monopolistic practices.

16. Lincoln SteffensDefinition: A journalist and muckraker whose work focused on political corruption in American cities, notably in his book "The Shame of the Cities."

17. Robert M. LaFolleteDefinition: Progressive politician and reformer who served as Governor of Wisconsin and advocated for direct democracy and government reforms.

18. Frances WillardDefinition: A leader of the women's suffrage movement and the temperance movement who served as president of the Women's Christian Temperance Union.

19. Square DealDefinition: President Theodore Roosevelt's domestic program focused on consumer protection, conservation of natural resources, and controlling corporations, representing fairness for all Americans.

20. Pure Food and Drug ActDefinition: A 1906 law aimed at halting the sale of contaminated foods and drugs and regulating the labeling of products.

21. Meat Inspection ActDefinition: A 1906 law that mandated sanitary standards for meatpacking facilities and subjected meat products to federal inspection.

22. Social GospelDefinition: A religious movement that emerged in the late 19th century advocating for social justice issues, emphasizing the role of Christian ethics in improving society.

23. Scientific ManagementDefinition: An approach to management that analyzes workflows to improve economic efficiency, popularized by Frederick Winslow Taylor in the early 20th century.

24. ConservationismDefinition: A movement aimed at protecting natural resources, preserving the environment, and promoting sustainable use of resources.

25. PreservationismDefinition: An environmental philosophy advocating for the protection of nature from human exploitation, highlighting the need to preserve natural areas in their pristine state.

26. Woodrow WilsonDefinition: The 28th President of the United States, known for his leadership during World War I and the establishment of the League of Nations.

27. LusitaniaDefinition: A British ocean liner sunk by a German U-boat in 1915, leading to public outrage in the U.S. and contributing to America entering World War I.

28. 14 PointsDefinition: A statement of principles for peace used for peace negotiations to end World War I, proposed by President Woodrow Wilson.

29. League of NationsDefinition: An international organization founded after World War I aimed at promoting peace and cooperation among countries; it ultimately failed to prevent further conflicts.

30. George CreelDefinition: The head of the Committee on Public Information during World War I, responsible for rallying public support for the war through propaganda.

31. Espionage ActDefinition: A 1917 law that made it a crime to aid the enemy, obstruct military recruitment, or promote insubordination in the military; later included the Press.

32. Sedition ActDefinition: A 1918 extension of the Espionage Act that prohibited individuals from speaking out against the U.S. government or its involvement in World War I.

33. Schenck vs. USDefinition: A landmark Supreme Court case (1919) that upheld the conviction of Charles Schenck for distributing anti-draft leaflets, establishing the "clear and present danger" test.

34. Great MigrationDefinition: The movement of over a million African Americans from the rural South to Northern cities from 1916 to 1970, seeking better job opportunities and escaping racial oppression.

35. War Industries BoardDefinition: A U.S. government agency established during World War I to coordinate the production of war materials and supplies, ensuring resource efficiency.

36. Henry Cabot LodgeDefinition: A U.S. Senator known for opposing the League of Nations and advocating for a more aggressive foreign policy.

37. Treaty of VersaillesDefinition: The treaty that ended World War I, imposing heavy reparations on Germany and redrawing European borders, leading to future geopolitical tensions.

38. Zimmerman NoteDefinition: A secret diplomatic communication from Germany to Mexico proposing a military alliance against the U.S. during World War I, which helped to generate U.S. support for joining the war.

39. IrreconcilablesDefinition: A group of U.S. Senators who opposed the Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations, advocating for a strict isolationist policy.

40. ReservationistsDefinition: A faction of U.S. Senators led by Henry Cabot Lodge who were open to the Treaty of Versailles but sought amendments and reservations to protect U.S. sovereignty.