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[Words in Context]
Lima beans were domesticated in… Summer squash also '______' its wild ancestor… mild-tasting flesh.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
varies from
[Words in Context]
"Eyes of Zapata" is an… English text surrounding these words and phrases '______' their meaning, so readers… novel So Far from God.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
suggests
[Words in Context]
The following text is from… repeatedly __demonstrated__ an independent streak… heads down and worked, worked.
As used in the text, what does the word "demonstrated" most nearly mean?
Exhibited
[Words in Context]
Scientists studying marine ecosystems were… While some '______' of carbon was expected, the scientists found that the algae reabsorb nearly 40%… photosynthesis.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
reuse
[Words in Context]
The dinosaur displays at museums… notable for the '______' of the research behind them—the museum staff consulted numerous sources to ensure the accuracy of the displays.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
rigor
[Text Structure and Purpose]
The Nazca lines in Peru… Land art artists create works set in the outdoors… covered a waterway.
Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?
The text provides information about the land art movement.
[Text Structure and Purpose]
Though Chloé Zhao's films are… puts as much of themselves into their roles as possible… difficult decision to stay or leave.
Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?
To emphasize that Chloé Zhao's decisions during the filmmaking process reinforce the themes of her films
[Text Structure and Purpose]
While many initiatives aimed at… caution that under certain circumstances… positive climate effect.
Which choice best describes the overall structure of the text?
It describes a widely accepted approach to addressing an environmental… discusses an implication of that disadvantage.
[Central Ideas and Details]
A debut novel is the… Debut novels are especially interesting to literary critics and readers… voices in the literary world.
Which choice best states the main topic of the text?
Debut novels
[Central Ideas and Details]
Seventeenth-century Flemish artist Clara Peeters… crucial role in the history of still-life painting… described as belonging to the "circle of Peeters."
Which choice best states the main idea of the text?
Clara Peeters was an important figure in the development of still-life painting.
[Command of Evidence]
Great Expectations is an 1861… being both powerful and tender: '______'
Which quotation from Great Expectations most effectively illustrates the claim?
"I have often thought [Joe] since, like the steam-hammer that can crush a man or pat an egg-shell, in his combination of strength with gentleness."
[Command of Evidence]
Fish Population in a Taiwanese… highest count for the Indo-Pacific sergeant was 28 individuals in October of 2001, whereas the highest count for the Biliton rockskipper was '______'
Which choice most effectively uses data from the graph to complete the example?
2 individuals in July of 2001.
[Command of Evidence]
Researchers have identified over eighty… __Though participants achieved some success, it is unclear whether they sometimes did so by making use of additional context provided by the images or sounds in the video recordings.__
Which statement, if true, would most strongly support the underlined claim?
When apes made mouth-touching gestures, which participants tended to correctly interpret as requests for food, the food was visible in the videos.
[Inferences]
Biochemists I. Sam Saguy and… water from the food's center moves to the crust as long as the crust remains permeable. Therefore, the more moisture a food loses during frying, '______'
Which choice most logically completes the text?
the higher the fat content will be when frying is completed.
[Inferences]
The kawau tree is one… common waxbill and other fruit-eating bird species brought to the island in the last 150 years have been found to spread plant seeds… kawau trees and other forest plants native to Oahu '______'
Which choice most logically completes the text?
may now depend on non-native birds, such as the common waxbill, to help maintain and increase their populations on the island.
[Boundaries]
Though they are in different… Booue, Gabon, '______' They are among the rare places that sit almost directly on the equator.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
do have something in common.
[Form, Structure, and Sense]
Pumpkins were among the many… This ongoing transfer of species between hemispheres '______' now known as the Columbian Exchange.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
is
[Form, Structure, and Sense]
Among several noun cases used in Sanskrit and other Indo-Aryan languages '______' the locative case, used to indicate that an action is occurring… particular noun.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
is
[Boundaries]
It was long thought that… traced to a second '______' highland subspecies of teosinte that was hybridized… initial domestication.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
ancestor: mexicana, a
[Boundaries]
Hummingbird flower mites use electroreception… Both host detection and transportation are electrically '______' when mites move their legs toward the arriving hummingbird… occurs in milliseconds.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
mediated:
[Transitions]
The World Cup of men's… used to be much smaller and more limited geographically. '______' the 1930 World Cup in Uruguay included only 13 teams…
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
For example,
[Transitions]
Karel Capek's 1920 play R.U.R.… left an indelible mark on the science fiction genre, and the English language, by introducing the term "robot"… '______' Capek's play also contributed to a venerable literary and mythological tradition…
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
Beyond the simple coining of a term,
[Rhetorical Synthesis]
While researching a topic, a… define the term "epistolary novel." Which choice most effectively uses relevant information…
Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?
An epistolary novel is a novel written primarily as a… series of fictional documents, such as letters, journal entries, or newspaper clippings.
[Rhetorical Synthesis]
While researching a topic, a… emphasize a difference between the two seaweeds. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information…
Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?
After tasting two types of brown seaweed, wakame and ma-konbu… participants found ma-konbu's umami flavor to be the more intense.
[Rhetorical Synthesis]
While researching a topic, a… provide a specific example of an isthmus. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information…
Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?
One example of an isthmus is the Isthmus of Tehuantepec in Mexico.
[Rhetorical Synthesis]
While researching a topic, a… acknowledge a complication affecting travel through wormholes. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information…
Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?
For matter to travel through a wormhole, the matter would need to have less energy than empty space; such matter has not been shown to exist.
[Rhetorical Synthesis]
While researching a topic, a… describe Shanawdithit's approach and explain its significance. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information…
Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?
By depicting experiences of the Beothuk that occurred around Beothuk… reflect Indigenous cartography's emphasis on "experienced space, or place" rather than the landscape alone.
[Words in Context]
The following text is from… I __drop__ my bag and set my guitar case against a wall… little kid.
As used in the text, what does the word "drop" most nearly mean?
Put down
[Words in Context]
The following text is from… cautiously, as if __testing__ the water after a long sleep… towards us.
As used in the text, what does the word "testing" most nearly mean?
Trying out
[Words in Context]
People tend to '______' the impact of acts of kindness… guesses were generally wrong: the strangers' happiness… turned out to be greater…
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
misjudge
[Words in Context]
Ethicist Ingrid Robeyns argues that… upper limit on the wealth one person can hold… concedes that some '______' in wealth should be tolerated… limitless wealth inequality.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
disparity
[Text Structure and Purpose]
Bioluminescence is most commonly found… __known luminescent species inhabit ocean environments.__ This trait is remarkably stable… biodiversity and evolution.
Which choice best describes the function of the underlined portion in the text as a whole?
To support the text's assertion that bioluminescence is associated with particular environments
[Cross-Text Connections]
Text 1: Vernacular art, also known… bring vernacular art out of obscurity… Text 2: Special exhibits… inadvertently uphold misleading distinctions… vernacular artists often reveal a familiarity with prevailing trends…
Based on the texts, how would the author of Text 2 most likely respond to the author of Text 1's characterization?
By suggesting that the author of Text 1 may be… overstating the extent to which vernacular artists have been detached from the mainstream.
[Central Ideas and Details]
In 2014 Marta S. Pimentel… concluding that ocean acidification has a strong effect on the behavior of Coryphaena hippurus… review of various scientists' conclusions about the impacts of ocean acidification…
What is the main topic of the scientific research discussed in the text?
Effects of ocean acidification on fish behavior
[Command of Evidence]
Since 2012, a consortium of… tendentious understanding of the relationship… people in some non-Western countries to regard individual happiness as less important to their well-being…
Based on the text, what is a potential weakness of the annual report issued by the consortium of research institutions?
It may not adequately account for cultural variations in the… value attached to a particular concept.
[Command of Evidence]
Hermit Crab Reactions to a… recorded how many of those crabs tried to flip the shell over… what percentage of hermit crabs tried to flip the shell over when it was gently vibrating?
According to the table, what percentage of hermit crabs tried to flip the shell over when it was gently vibrating?
19%
[Command of Evidence]
Average Paperback Prices, 2016-19… lowest average price… determines that, on average, the least expensive paperbacks in that year belonged to the genre of '______'
Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the assertion?
young adult.
[Command of Evidence]
Peter Pan is a 1911… The narrator describes Nana as planning for events like a human would: '______'
Which quotation from Peter Pan best illustrates the claim?
"On John's [soccer] days [Nana] never once forgot his sweater, and she usually carried an umbrella in her mouth in case of rain."
[Command of Evidence]
In the early 1970s, art… __Since it was first introduced, Baxandall's period eye has significantly influenced the practice of art history.__
Which statement, if true, would most strongly support the claim in the underlined sentence?
Numerous art historians of the late twentieth century and twenty-first… focused their scholarship on how various artworks were interpreted at the time of their creation.
[Inferences]
The British Bronze Age began… objects found in these hoards are weapons or tools, some are purely decorative… gold was much rarer than bronze, so it's not surprising that '______'
Which choice most logically completes the text?
some hoards contained no gold, as was the case for the Tisbury hoard.
[Form, Structure, and Sense]
Ferns and conifers '______' during the Triassic period… These plants were well suited to the hot, dry climate…
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
thrived
[Boundaries]
On April 12, 1985, the space shuttle Discovery blasted off into space, commencing Mission '______' six days and twenty-three hours, the mission ended…
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
STS-51-D. Lasting
[Form, Structure, and Sense]
The play The Great Leap… script was brought to life in 2018, when the play '______' staged at the Atlantic Theater Company…
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
was
[Form, Structure, and Sense]
An emulsifier is a type… emulsifiers that have been employed for millennia, such as beeswax and egg yolk, '______' used to this day by chemists as well.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
are
[Form, Structure, and Sense]
An imposing spire of igneous… prominent examples of columnar jointing, a pattern of fracturing in rocks that '______' in parallel arrays of long polygonal prisms.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
results
[Boundaries]
Established in 1933 for the specific purpose of stabilizing the US banking system, '______' helped the nation recover from the Great Depression.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
the Emergency Banking Act (EBA) was just one of many… ways the US government
[Boundaries]
How a folktale begins depends largely on the language in which it '______' folktales told in the Korean language open with a phrase…
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
originates. Many
[Transitions]
In ArtMed inSight… medical students learn to use techniques… such as slowing down interpretation… '______' Willieme's students develop better observational skills…
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
In doing so,
[Transitions]
Rocket Geyser… forms a mound of silica around the narrow geyser vent… '______' Yellowstone's fountain geysers, such as Jewel Geyser, erupt from larger openings…
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
In comparison,
[Transitions]
Nineteenth-century Modernista architects championed nature… Antoni Gaudi, couldn't exactly grow in a forest. '______' one sees natural influences in Gaudi's penchant for curves…
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
Still,
[Rhetorical Synthesis]
While researching a topic, a… emphasize the number of migratory bird species that stop at the Great Salt Lake.
Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?
Each year, more than 330 species of migratory birds stop at the Great Salt Lake in Utah.
[Rhetorical Synthesis]
While researching a topic, a… specify which countries the Colorado River passes through. Which choice most effectively uses…
Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?
The eighth longest river in North America, the Colorado River passes through both Mexico and the United States.
[Rhetorical Synthesis]
While researching a topic, a… specify the snow depth at Blind Bull Summit at the start of March 2021.
Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?
At the start of March 2021, 47 inches of snow covered the ground at the Blind Bull Summit site.
[Rhetorical Synthesis]
While researching a topic, a… emphasize a similarity between the two sculptures. Which choice most effectively uses…
Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?
Elizabeth Catlett's sculptures Recognition and Magic Mask are both made of marble.
[Words in Context]
Although more documentaries are being… stories without any depth. In a refreshing contrast, Ahmir "Questlove" Thompson's 2021 documentary… draws from present-day interviews to supply compelling historical…
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
perfunctory
[Words in Context]
Among saltwater fish species… tropical species are '______' deep-bodied physical forms… polar and temperate species are highly dispersed across the morphological spectrum.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
concentrated among
[Words in Context]
The following text is adapted… unexpectedly reticent. There was no hint of disapproval in her __reserve__; I merely felt in her an insurmountable reluctance…
As used in the text, what does the word "reserve" most nearly mean?
Constraint
[Words in Context]
The work of Tobias Gerstenberg… people envision '______' scenarios when making causal judgments… where the target ball would have gone if the ball that altered its path did not exist.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
counterfactual
[Text Structure and Purpose]
Paul Linebarger is often recognized… Citing the uniquely absorbing nature of motion pictures, he contended that US propaganda should equal popular films in its appeal… distinctive US approach… draw inspiration from elements of pop culture.
Which choice best describes the overall structure of the text?
It introduces a significant work, summarizes a noteworthy idea in… places that idea into a context that demonstrates its broader implications.
[Cross-Text Connections]
Text 1: Lingbo Meng and colleagues… excluded all pathways other than the CMN by using barriers… Text 2: Meng and colleagues took the necessary precaution… However, any barrier used must allow the thread-like hyphae… permeability would also allow liquids through. Thus, the researchers' experimental design cannot ensure…
Based on the texts, how would the author of Text 2 most likely respond to the characterization of Meng and colleagues' study in Text 1?
By asserting that the author of Text 1 has overstated… the effectiveness of the method that Meng and colleagues used
[Command of Evidence]
The fifteenth-century English Heege Manuscript… likely copied by Richard Heege from a traveling minstrel's repertoire book… making jokes that could be modified to refer to the town of Radford…
As presented in the text, Wade would most likely agree with which statement about the first booklet of the Heege Manuscript?
It was copied from a text that originated from a… traveling minstrel who worked in the area around Radford and Brackonwet.
[Central Ideas and Details]
Within higher education, studying philosophy requires that students be conversant with the field's foundational texts… doing philosophy… creative, self-directed application of acquired expertise…
Based on the text, which choice best describes the relationship between doing philosophy and studying philosophy?
Doing philosophy involves developing novel ideas through imagined dialogue with… past philosophers based on knowledge of those philosophers' views acquired by studying philosophy.
[Command of Evidence]
Archaeologist Weiwei Wang and her… Turmeric is native to South Asia, more than a thousand miles west… findings therefore indicate that there must have been a trade link, whether direct or indirect, between the two regions.
Which finding, if true, would directly weaken the conclusion about Wang and her colleagues' findings that is presented in the text?
In the first through third centuries CE, there was a significant migration of people from South Asia to Southeast Asia.
[Command of Evidence]
The late Hemphillian (Hh) North… MFS… 0.709000 and PFBV—0.709028… 0.709000 corresponds to 5.86 Ma, 0.709020 corresponds to 5.40 Ma… researchers concluded that '______'
Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the statement?
the average 87Sr/86Sr ratios in the fossil shark teeth from… corroborate that both fall within Hh4 but suggest PFBV was likely deposited more recently than MFS.
[Command of Evidence]
Proportion of the Three Most… graph shows each of these pattern types as a proportion of all pattern instances… Under the assumption that preferences are more salient than density, the US 2 and CI 2 proportions were predicted to be '______'
Which choice most effectively uses data from the graph to illustrate the researchers' conclusion?
Under the assumption that preferences are more salient than density… proportions were predicted to be in the range of 0.3 to 0.5, placing them farther from the measured values.
[Inferences]
Last-mile delivery refers to the… increasing popularity of next-day delivery… growing bottleneck of packages… innovations create new obstacles… not ready for full-scale implementation. As a result, delivery companies will likely '______'
Which choice most logically completes the text?
continue to struggle with last-mile delivery operations until viable solutions… become available.
[Inferences]
Across brown bears—omnivores with high… daughters, who tended to settle near their mothers, occupied the same trophic positions as their mothers for two years, but the correlation disappeared by year five. Trophic correlation with unrelated individuals in similar habitats was modest… suggest that '______'
Which choice most logically completes the text?
dietary mix among females may reflect a social learning effect… that eventually diminishes, though environmental constraints cannot be ruled out.
[Form, Structure, and Sense]
The parks of Los Angeles… physical location in which a social media post was created and '______' contents analyzed geotagged social media posts…
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
its
[Boundaries]
Now seen as a mechanical… limited functionality, interactive features described in her 1949 patent—such as a button labeled "verb" that would illuminate relevant text when pressed—'______' an impressive early vision of hypertext.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
revealing
[Form, Structure, and Sense]
Jane Austen's Northanger Abbey (1818)… However, the similarity of the '______' experiences—the predicaments of both Catherine and Radcliffe's Emily St. Aubert result from men's greed—suggests that…
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
novels' protagonists'
[Boundaries]
Roger Angell's reputation as one of the greatest baseball writers of all '______' bolstered by dozens of New Yorker essays in which he demonstrated a deep affection…
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
time,
[Boundaries]
Before the ratification of the… Wyoming approved women's suffrage in 1869 before attaining statehood in '______' while eastern states, lacking the same incentive, did not follow suit…
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
1890, for example,
[Boundaries]
The legacy of the Spanish… Contrast Panama with the Netherlands, which ceased to be part of the empire in '______' the latter's connection to the empire is so attenuated that Spanish is seldom spoken…
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
1648:
[Transitions]
To determine the approximate age… archaeologist Eleanor Scerri and colleagues collected samples of sediments surrounding the tools; these samples were then analyzed using a method known as optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating. '______' OSL dating indicated that the tools were around 400,000 years old.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
Ultimately,
[Transitions]
The moon Lysithea orbits Jupiter in the same direction that the planet rotates. '______' Lysithea's orbit is described as prograde. Mneme, another of Jupiter's moons, orbits in the opposite direction…
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
Thus,
[Transitions]
Macarena Garcia Marin is a… telescope is now positioned near the Sun-Earth L2 Lagrange point, almost one million miles beyond Earth's orbit. '______' the JWST's predecessor, the Hubble Telescope, is only about 340 miles above Earth's surface.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
By contrast,
[Transitions]
The Austronesian language of Nauruan… most Nauruan speakers live in Nauru, where the language originated, Nauruan is also spoken in New York City. '______' the New York-based Endangered Language Alliance has identified a group…
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
Specifically,
[Rhetorical Synthesis]
While researching a topic, a… explain whom the award is named for and identify one recipient of it.
Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?
The A.M. Turing Award, which is named for British mathematician Alan Turing, was given to Barbara Liskov in 2008.
[Rhetorical Synthesis]
While researching a topic, a… identify an emission spectrum that includes a wavelength in the violet portion of the visible spectrum.
Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?
Titanium's emission spectrum includes the 430.5 nm wavelength, which is in the violet portion of the visible spectrum.