AP World History Chapter 8 Test

Which of the following was a major development in Chinese
society that took shape in the centuries following the collapse of
the Han dynasty?

A. Northern nomads conquered some portions of China
B. The Chinese began a migration northward toward the Yellow
River Valley
C. The Chinese rejected Daoism
D. Buddhism's influence on Chinese culture declined

A. Northern nomads conquered some portions of China

Which of the following contributed to the doubling of the Chinese
population during the Tang and Song dynasties

A. The conquest of Japan
B. the adoption of a fast-ripening strain of rice from Vietnam
C. The end of warfare with pastoral peoples
D. The massive importation of food crops from Central Asia

B. the adoption of a fast-ripening strain of rice from Vietnam

Which of the following is a reason that the Tang and Song dynasties are regarded as a "golden age" in China?

A. the peaceful transfer of power from the Tang to the Song
B. the development of democratic institutions
C. the setting of standards of excellence in art and literature
D. the nearly universal adoption of Buddhism by the population

C. the setting of standards of excellence in art and literature

Those who participated in the Chinese tribute system gained

A. a permanent garrison of Chinese troops
B. a gift of gunpowder and cannons
C. the opportunity to trade in China
D. lower tax rates

C. the opportunity to trade in China

Which of the following explains why women's lives were more
restricted in the Song dynasty than in the Tang dynasty?

A. The spread of Daoism
B. The introduction of Buddhism
C. The revival of Confucianism
D. The influence of nomadic cultures

C. The revival of Confucianism

Which of the following statements about the Chinese tribute system is true?

A. The tribute system operated at the end of wars of conquest and
was designed to humiliate the conquered people
B. China's neighbors in the premodern period often refused to
submit to The rituals of the tribute system, resenting China's
assumption of superiority
C. The tribute system was an exploitative "one-way street", with
foreign states paying tribute to China but the Chinese government
offering nothing in return
D. The Chinese government often gave other states gifts that were
in fact worth more than the tribute that those states paid to China

D. The Chinese government often gave other states gifts that were
in fact worth more than the tribute that those states paid to China

China's most enduring and intense interaction with outsiders was
with

A. The gathering and hunting societies of Southeast Asia
B. The nomadic pastoral peoples of the northern steppes
C. The various empires that ruled India
D. Muslim traders in the Indian Ocean

B. The nomadic pastoral peoples of the northern steppes

Which of the following describes Korea's relationship with China?

A. Korea was incorporated into the Chinese empire for over a
thousand years
B. Korean male elites developed their own alphabet as a way to resist chinese cultural influence
C. Its capital city of Kumsong was modeled directly on the Chinese
capital of Chang'an
D. Korea was able to avoid participating in China's tribute system

C. Its capital city of Kumsong was modeled directly on the Chinese
capital of Chang'an

Which of the following contributed to China's economic revolution
during the Tang and Song dynasties?

A. The active suppression of internal trade in order to increase
long-distance trade
B. The import of large numbers of slaves to work in agriculture and
industry
C. The large scale immigration of Japanese workers
D. A complex network of internal waterways that provided cheap
transportation

D. A complex network of internal waterways that provided cheap
transportation

What do the Xiongnu, the Uighurs, the Khitan, and the Jurchen
have in common?

A. All four paid tribute to China in return for military protection
B. All four were ultimately conquered by China
C. All four established states in the southern portions of the
Chinese empire
D. All four required China to send them valuable goods in return
for not attacking

D. All four required China to send them valuable goods in return
for not attacking

Chinese interaction with the northern nomads during the Tang
dynasty resulted in

A. The conversion of large numbers of the northern nomads to
Daoism
B. The evolution of a mixed Chinese/Turkic culture in northern
China
C. The launching of maritime expeditions in the Indian Ocean
D. The permanent abandonment of the tribute system

B. The evolution of a mixed Chinese/Turkic culture in northern

In their relations with China, Korea and Japan both

A. Came under direct Chinese political rule
B. Rejected Chinese civilization
C. Declined to participate in the Chinese tribute system
D. Sent people to China to study Chinese thought and culture

D. Sent people to China to study Chinese thought and culture

Which of the following statements best describes Korea's relationship with China in the premodern period?

A. Korean elites rejected Chinese culture while peasants and
slaves adopted it wholesale
B. Korea adopted many elements of Chinese culture while still
retaining a distinctive culture and separate political existence
C. Korea was a subject state ruled directly by China from most of
its history
D. Korean rulers never participated in the Chinese tribute system
in an effort to assert their independence from China

B. Korea adopted many elements of Chinese culture while still
retaining a distinctive culture and separate political existence

Which of the following was a technological innovation that spread
from China to the rest of Eurasia?

A. The processing of sugar
B. Printing
C. Cannons
D. The processing of cotton

B. Printing

Which of the following was a factor in the growth of Buddhism in
China after 300 CE?

A. Increased disorder following the collapse of the Han dynasty which discredited Confucianism
B. The celibacy of Buddhist monks and their withdrawal from
society correlated well with Confucian values
C. Sustained missionary endeavors undertaken by Buddhist
monks from Korea
D. The withdrawal of rival Shinto priests to Japan following persecution by the Tang Dynasty

A. Increased disorder following the collapse of the Han dynasty which discredited Confucianism

In Song dynasty China, masculine identity came to be defined in
terms of

A. Archery, horseback riding, and athleticism
B. The way of the warrior
C. Calligraphy, scholarship, painting, and poetry
D. Weakness, reticence, and delicacy

C. Calligraphy, scholarship, painting, and poetry

Which of the following was a political contribution of the Tang and
Song dynasties?

A. The creation of an aristocracy that transformed the government
from a monarchy to an oligarchy
B. The introduction of administrative procedures that made the
bureaucracy obsolete
C. The democratization of the political system with the establishment of the Censorate
D. The construction of a state structure that lasted until the twentieth century

D. The construction of a state structure that lasted until the twentieth century

Chinese references to "western barbarians" in the Tang dynasty
included which group of people?

A. Koreans
B. Indians
C. Portuguese
D. Vietnamese

B. Indians

How was the tribute system an expression of the Chinese view of
themselves and their relationship to the world?

A. The tribute system required non-Chinese to acknowledge
Chinese superiority and their own subordinate place in a Chinese-centered world order
B. The tribute system was based on the assumptions that unity
was a natural condition and that China was destined to rule the
entire world
C. The tribute system maintained the racial purity of the Chinese people by prohibiting intermarriage between Chinese and
non-Chinese peoples
D. The tribute system celebrated the multicultural diversity of the
Chinese people and encouraged cultural borrowing

A. The tribute system required non-Chinese to acknowledge
Chinese superiority and their own subordinate place in a Chinese-centered world order

The emergence of which practice during the Song dynasty suggests that Chinese women's lives were more restricted than they

had been in the Tang Dynasty?
A. Remarriage of widows
B. Tribute system
C. Foot binding
D. Worship of the Queen Mother of the West

C. Foot binding

What did Korea, Japan, and Vietnam all develop that reflected
their unique culture?

A. Their own court rituals
B. Their own writing systems

B. Their own writing systems

In what respect was Japan's borrowing of Chinese culture different from the experiences of Korea and Vietnam?

A. Japanese people viewed their own country less as a separate
nation than as an extension of a universal civilization centered in
China
B. In Japan, only the lower classes and women embraced Chinese
culture while elite men resisted Chinese influence in all arenas
C. Japan adopted many elements of Chinese culture by completely rejected Confucianism
D. Japan's borrowing was wholly voluntary rather than occurring
under conditions of direct military threat or outright occupation

D. Japan's borrowing was wholly voluntary rather than occurring
under conditions of direct military threat or outright occupation

Which of the following is an example of how Chinese inventions
stimulated innovations in distant lands?

A. The Chinese formula for gunpowder triggered the development
of cannons in Europe
B. the Chinese invention of movable type was the inspiration for
the creation of the world's first copy machine in the Islamic world
C. the Chinese technique for producing salt by solar evaporation
made possible the invention of windmills in Persia
D. the Chinese invention of the magnetic compass spurred the
Scientific Revolution in Europe

A. The Chinese formula for gunpowder triggered the development
of cannons in Europe

The invention of printing in China was linked with which religion?

A. Christianity
B. Daosim
C. Buddhism
D. Islam

C. Buddhism

Which of the following shows the effect of the Indian Ocean trade
on China?

A. The transfer of Vietnam from Chinese control to the Southeast
Asian sphere of influence
B. The transformation of southern China from a subsistence
economy to an export-oriented economy
C. The replacement of the tribute system with a trade system
based on free and equal access to markets
D. The emergence of Hong Kong as an international hub for all
ocean-based trade routes

B. The transformation of southern China from a subsistence
economy to an export-oriented economy

The emergence of the samurai reflected Japan's

A. Imperial ambitions to conquer China
B. Embrace of Confucianism
C. Ancient emperor system
D. Decentralized political structure

D. Decentralized political structure

Which religion provided an element of cultural commonality for the
East Asian region?

A. Buddhism
B. Daoism
C. Islam
D. Christianity

A. Buddhism

Which of the following is an example of how Indian Buddhism was
modified after its introduction into China?

A. The patriarchal assumptions of early Indian Buddhism were
replaced by an explicit message of equality between husbands and wives
B. The Buddhist term dao was translated as the Confucian term
dharma
C. The Buddhist notion of "morality" was translated with the Confucian term for "filial submission and obedience"
D. The social orientation of Indian Buddhism was replaced with an
emphasis on individual salvation and enlightenment

C. The Buddhist notion of "morality" was translated with the Confucian term for "filial submission and obedience"

How did the changed environment in China in the ninth century
affect Buddhism?

A. State support and popular acceptance of Buddhism made
Buddhism the official religion of China
B. Buddhist monasteries came under state control as a xenophobic reaction set in
C. Buddhism reached its peak of influence as people flocked to
the religion as a way to deal with the chaos and violence of the
period
D. Buddhism was completely wiped out for centuries in China as
a result of state-sponsored policies of persecution

B. Buddhist monasteries came under state control as a xenophobic reaction set in

Shiba Yoshimasa's instruction "to give up your life for the sake of
the sole sovereign, or serving under the commander of the military
in a time of need" is associated with

A. Shintoism
B. Bushido
C. Pureland Buddhism
D. Confucianism

B. Bushido

Imagawa Ryoshun stated, "As you do not understand the Arts of
Peace your skill in the Arts of War will not, in the end, achieve
victory." This statement suggests that the ideal samurai was one
who

A. New how to use diplomacy to win wars
B. Ejected bushido and embraced Shintoism
C. As as adept in literary skills as he was in martial skills
D. New when to surrender and admit defeat

C. As as adept in literary skills as he was in martial skills