Importsnt

Allusion

A reference to something well-known (book, movie, history, myth).

Allegory

A story with a hidden deeper meaning (moral, political).

Anthology

A collection of works (poems, short stories, etc.).

Analogy

Comparing two things to explain or clarify.

Foreshadowing

A hint about what will happen later.

Flashback

A scene showing something that happened earlier.

Pathetic fallacy

Nature/weather showing human feelings (rain when sad).

Flat character

Simple, one-dimensional, doesn't change.

Static character

Stays the same throughout the story.

Round character

Complex, realistic, has depth.

Dynamic character

Changes or grows during the story.

Antagonist

The force/person opposing the main character.

Protagonist

The main character/hero.

Speaker

The voice telling a poem or text.

Verisimilitude

Making a story feel real and believable.

Juxtaposition

Placing two things side by side to contrast.

Epiphany

A sudden realization or insight.

Archetype

A universal character type (hero, villain, mentor).

Theme

The main message or big idea of a story.

Topic

What the story is about (love, war, friendship).

Tone

The author's attitude (serious, funny, sad).

Mood

The feeling the reader gets.

Satire

Humor or ridicule to criticize something.

Cliché

Overused idea or phrase.

Genre

Type/category of story (mystery, fantasy, romance).

Double entendre

A phrase with two meanings (one often cheeky).

Euphemism

A nicer way to say something unpleasant.

Parallelism

Repeating structure or pattern for effect.

Character vs. character conflict

A struggle between two people.

Character vs. society conflict

Person vs. rules/culture.

Character vs. nature conflict

Person vs. natural force.

Character vs. self conflict

Inner struggle (doubt, fear).

Symbolism

When something stands for a bigger idea.

Irony

The opposite of what you expect happens.

Motif

A repeated element or symbol in a story.

Parable

A short story teaching a moral lesson.

Shift

A change in tone, mood, or perspective.

Anti-hero

Main character who isn't traditionally 'good.'