Skin Anatomy: A Comprehensive Overview

Epidermis

The thinner, outer layer of the skin, made of epithelium, and avascular.

Dermis

The thicker, inner layer of the skin, located beneath the epidermis, containing nerves, blood vessels, and accessory structures.

Keratin

A tough, fibrous protein that provides protective qualities to the skin, hair, and nails.

Stratum Basale (Germinativum)

The innermost layer of the epidermis, responsible for cell division and producing new keratinocytes.

Stratum Lucidum

An epidermal layer present only in thick skin (e.g., palms and soles), absent in thin skin.

Stratum Corneum

The outermost layer of the epidermis, composed of dead, flattened keratinocytes that provide a protective barrier.

Melanocytes

Specialized cells primarily located in the stratum basale that produce melanin, responsible for skin color and UV protection.

Dendritic Cells (Langerhans Cells)

Immune cells derived from monocytes, found in the epidermis, acting as antigen-presenting cells.

Tactile Corpuscles (Meissner's Corpuscles)

Touch receptors found in the papillary layer of the dermis, sensitive to light touch.

Dermal Papillae

Upward projections of the papillary layer that interdigitate with the epidermis, responsible for forming fingerprints and enhancing grip.

Lamellar Corpuscles (Pacinian Corpuscles)

Pressure receptors found in the reticular layer of the dermis, responsible for detecting deep pressure and vibration.