Salts and Buffers

What equals Kw (1.0×10-¹⁴) for a conjugate acid base pair?

The product of its Ka value and Kb value.

What is the relationship between Ka and Kb?

Inversely proportional due to the property of the conjugate base of a strong acid being weak and vice versa.

What is the result of an acid-base reaction?

Produces salt and water.

What is the pH of the salt formed from a strong acid and strong base reaction?

pH = 7

What are the products of a reaction between a weak acid and strong base?

Water and basic salts.

What are the products of a reaction between a strong acid and weak base?

Water and acidic salts.

What is a buffer solution composed of?

A weak acid and it's conjugate base.

How does a buffer cause a solution to resist a change in pH when an acid is added?

The excess hydronium ions will react with the conjugate base, resulting in more weak acid being produced versus the overall pH changing drastically.

How does a buffer cause a solution to resist a change in pH when a base is added?

The excess hydroxide ions react with the weak acid, which deprotonates the weak acid into its conjugate base.

How is acidity affected in acids that have electronegative elements nearer to acidic hydrogens?

They are stronger acids.

What is an example of a type of nonionic weak base?

Amines