DRIs

blue = energy and macronutrients. yellow = most nutrients

Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR)

• describes portion of energy intake that should come from each macronutrient

• AMDR is based upon an individual’s EER

• individual’s specific needs may differ based on lifestyle, age, sex, and genetics

• percentage of total energy intake from the three energy-yielding macronutrients which will add up to 100%, proportion of each influences other two

RANGES:

• protein: 10-35%

• fat: 20-35%

• carbohydrates: 45-65%

Estimated Energy Requirement (EER)

• avg dietary energy intake (kcal) to maintain weight in healthy individuals (measured for specific individual)

• based on age, sex, weight, height, level of physical activity to maintain energy balance

• DOES NOT REFER TO SPECIFIC NUTRIENT. IT REFERS TO CALORIES COMBINED FROM ALL NUTRIENTS IN ONE DAY

Calculating Energy Value of Food

Energy comes from 3 macronutrients

• Fat: 9 kcal/gram

• Carbohydrates: 4 kcal/gram

• Proteins: 4 kcal/gram

Calculate:

• multiply weight of each macronutrient in grams by energy value from above

• add kcal for the 3 macronutrients together

Using EER to estimate AMDR

1. use an EER calculator to estimate your energy needs (daily calorie intake)

2. calc. the range of calories that should come from each of the macronutrient categories

3. divide values obtained by calories per gram for macronutrient

EXAMPLE: AMDR for protein

• 10-35% should come from protein

• If EER = 1800 kcal/day

• LOW end: 0.10 × 1800kcal = 180 kcal/4g

• HIGH end: 0.35 × 1800kcal = 630 kcal/4g

• each day you should consume between 45-157.5 g of protein

Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)

• “Think middle”

• estimated avg daily intake level of a nutrient that will meet the needs of 50% the healthy individuals in a a group defined by age and sex

• population metrics

PICTURE

• Half of the population’s needs fall above the EAR value (light purple on the graph). This means that they do not have their needs met at the EAR intake level

Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)

• avg daily intake level sufficient to meet the needs of nearly all people (97-98%) in specified sex and life-stage group

• CALCULATED BASED ON EAR VALUE & SAFETY

• is the goal for usual intake by an individual

• used for Daily Value percentages on nutrition labels

Adequate Intake (AI)

• recommended avg daily intake level for nutrients that DO NOT have RDA

• when there is not enough info to establish an RDA for a particular nutrient for a specific population AI is used; if there is not enough enough to determine EAR of nutrient and AI is set

• based on experimentally derived intake levels or observations of mean intakes by a group of apparently healthy people

Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)

• highest avg daily intake that is safe for most people

• consumption of a nutrient at levels above UL is NOT considered safe