Sectional Anatomy Unit 1

Before, During, After & Terminology of Anatomy and Sonography

Ordering Practioner

physician (doctor) PA, nurse practitioner who sees the patient and orders the exam

Sonographer

performs and records ultrasound study

reading physcian

provides final legal interpretation of ultrasound findings. creates final report

Exam order

Ultrasound request form

Has patient identification (NAME and DOB)

Symptoms/Reason for exam

Has ICD 10 Code (Code of diagnosis or symptoms)

Type of exam requested

physician signature

Patient chart (medical record)

Patient info (identifying and contact info)

medical history

physical exam results

symptoms

previous imaging results

lab results

electronic medical record (EMR)

digital computerized medical record

Standard precautions

treat every patient as though they may have a blood borne or infectious disease

clean/disinfect ultrasound system between patients

wear appropriate PPE

handwashing

Curved transducer

Abdominal exam, trans abdominal pelvicl

linear transducer

vascular and small parts

sector transducer

cardiac

endocavity transducer

transvaginal

protocol

anatomic images and measurements required for the ordered exam

Preliminary findings

technical observations, comments, may include worksheet of measurement

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PACS system

computerized method of storing,transmitting and displaying medical images

DICOM

PACS are stored in this format

Differential diagnosis

other possible cause of finding

anechoic

echo free appearance

echo texture

sonographic appearance of tissue within the body

hypoechoic

less echogenic

darker than another structure

isoechoic

the same echogenicity, the same shade as another structure

hyperechoic

more echogenic, brighter than another structure

pulsed wave doppler

aka spectral (speed and direction of blood flow)

Color doppler

presence and direction of blood flow

cystic

fluid filled

solid

composed of tissue

Homogeneous

similar or uniform echo pattern

heterogeneous

irregular or mixed echo pattern

simple

uncomplicated, usually referring to cysts

anechoic, unilocular, thin smooth wall, no blood flow

complex

composed of both tissue and fluid

septations

thin membranes within a mass

ipsilateral

on the same sideco

contralateral

on the opposite side

NPO

nothing by mouth

neoplasm

any abnormal growth

benign

non-cancerous

malignant

cancerous

diffuse disease

disease throughout an organ

superior or cephalic

towards the head

inferior or caudal

towards the feet

anterior or ventral

front of body

posterior or ventral

back of body

medial

towards middle of body

lateral

towards edge of body

proximal

towards the heart

distal

further from the heart

subcostal

beneath or below the ribs

intercoastal

between the ribs

midline

vertical line- center of body

midclavicular

vertical line- middle of clavicles

xiphoid process

lower end of sternum

umbilicus

belly button

sternal notch

top of sternum

iliac crest

top of hip bones

symphysis pubis

joint of Lt and Rt pubic bones

Right hypochondriac region

upper left

epigastric region

top middle

left hypochondriac region

top right

right lumbar region

middle left

umbilical region

middle middle

left lumber region

right middle

right iliac region

lower left

hypogastric region

lower middle

left iliac region

right bottom

sagittal plane

longitudinal, long

divides body into left and right

the transducer is towards patients head

transverse plane

divides body into superior and inferior

notch is towards machine

coronal plane

divides body anterior to posterior

Supine

laying on back, indicator towards machine

prone

laying on belly, indicator towards machine

left lateral decubitus (LLD)

patient lays on left side

right lateral decubitus (RLD)

patients lays on right side