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The average democracy level according to EIU in 2022
5.29
Alf Ross quote to remeber
“not a definite form of government having definite characteristics”
Abraham Lincol quote
“Government of the people, by the people, for the people” -1863
In which article is Abraham’s quote found in the French constitution
Article 2
What are the three types of represenation systems analyzed by Nick Barber
Desciprtive, mandata and trusteeship
Author talking about the “crisis of representation”
Simon Tormey
Author talking about the tyranny of the majority
John Stuart Mill
Who came up with the cake analogy for mechanist conceptions of constitutonalism
James Harrington
Primary critique of Montesquieu who says that parliament is sovereign
Raymond Carré de Malberg
Primary person claiming for legal realism as in laws are what the judges say it is
Charles Even Hughes
Conservative US writer who talks about going beyond the constant invokation of fundamental rights
Mary Ann Gledon
In Alfred Stepan’s statistics: likelihood for democratic underarchievers and democratic overachievers
Presidential 3.4x more likely to be underachievers, parliamentary 1,8x more likely to be overachievers
Two things that Alfred Stepan considers
Democratization index and socioeconomic factors that lead to democracy
Between 1973-1989 what was the survival rate of democratic regimes between presidential and parliamentary?
61% for Parliamentary, 20% for Presidential
Concept of delegative democracy was developed by which author
Guillermo O’Donnel
Author who says that the USA is the only presidential regime with a continuous consitution due to high trust in the system of both parties and people
Juan Linz
Case showing the power of Judicial review in the United States
Travel ban executive order (forced multiple revisions before passing into law)
Example of how the legislature tried to check the power of the President in the USA
Funding for the Mexican Wall => Although unable to end the emergency started by the President
Examples of second and third generation rights in the USA
Social seucirt act + clean air act
USA ARTLCE: Powers of the executive branch and impeachment
Article II
USA ARTICLE: Amendment procedure + eternity clause
Article V
The bill of rights
10 first amendments
22nd US amendment
Limitation on presidential terms
India article: any power not given to the states is assumed by parliament
Article 248
Problem of Brazilian fundamental rights turned into commodities- author
Lirio do Valle
How many lawsuits per year in Brazil
80 million
Brazil amendment to give congress power to assign funds to states so as to remove power from president
Amendemtn 105/19
BRAZIL ARTICLES: fundamental rights and immediate application clause
Articles V and VII
BRAZIL ARTICLES: Hyperpresidentialism
Article 84
Brazil article: Impeachment
Article 85
Increase in Indian hypernationalism and authoritarianism, author
Tarun Khaitan
INDIA ARTICLE: autonomy of Kashmir
Article 370
INDIA ARTICLE: Parliament can legislate in states during emergency
Article 250
INDIA ARTICLE: Part of the consitution dealing with emergency powers
Part 18
INDIA ARTICLE: Section of the criminal code that made gay sex illegal
Section 377
INDIA ARTICLE: Basic structure outline
Article 368
INDIA ARTICLE: immediate application clause for fundamental rights and public interest litigation
Article 32
INDIA ARTICLE: Amendment procedure
Article 368
BRAZIL ARTICLE: Semi-legislative power
Article 62
BRAZIL ARTICLE: Intervention in States
Article 34
Author of rationalized parliamentarianism
Mirkine-Guetzevitch
SPAIN ARTICLE: suspending autonomy of regions
Article 155
SPAIN ARTICLE: King is not politically accountable
Article 56
SPAIN ARTICLE: All the rights that the autonomous regions can assume
Article 148
GERMANY ARTICLE: symbolic powers of President
Article 54
SPAIN ARTICLE: King dissolving parliament if no coalition in 2 months
Article 101
Germany article: motion of no confidence
Article 67
Germany article: dissolve parliament
Article 68
Germany article: electoral system
Article 38
Germany articles: Competencies and shared competencies in vertical separation of powers
Articles 70-74
Spain article: autonomous communities and how they demand for rights
Article 143
Spain article: force autonomous communities to comply with the Federal state
article 155
Spain article for constitutional court
Article 159
Germany article for constitutional court
Article 94
Germany: eternity clause
Article 79(3)
Spain article: powers of the federal government
Article 97
Spain article: voting system
Article 68(3)
Germany article: Länder given powers by principle
Article 30
Germany and Spain having ideal type constitutional court
O. Jouanjan
India article: intervention in states
Article 356
First televized debate in the USA
1960 (Nixon and Kennedy)
Brazil article: executive power established
Article 76
Brazil article: Congress
Article 44
Author who criques the EIU
Peter Tasker
Germany article: Broad and vague scope of fundamental right protection
Article 19(2)
Germany article: Constraint of self development is a violation of one’s fundamental rights
Article 2(1)
Germany article: amendment procedure with 2/3 majority of both houses
Article 79 (Can’t touch articles 1 and 20)
Spain article: Amendment procedure
Articles 166-169
US aritlce: veto power
Article I(7)
Brazil article: veto power
Article 66
Brazil article: State rights by principle
Article 25
India artice: transformative democracy
Article 38
Author who advocated for a written constitution for the UK
Jeff King
(extra nonesense) author who wrote about the nuances of comparative constitutionalism as a science
Madhav Khosla
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