US 1 Final Questions

What war did Britain win in 1763 to gain control over North America?

French and Indian War 

No taxation without reprsentation was a colonial complaint against. .

Revenue Raising Taxes

What is the purpose of government according to the Declaration of Independence?

Protect people’s inalienable rights.

What advantage did the Continental Army have during the Revolutionary War?

They knew the land and were able to fight using guerilla warfare.

What was the name of the first government of the USA?How many branches of government did they have?

Articles of Confederation and just a legislative

The Articles of Confederation had no ability to raise revenue.  In other words they couldn’t. . .

Tax

When the country was first created voting was largely restricted to which group? You need three attributes.

White male property owners.

What took place in 1787 as a result of the weakness of the Articles of Confederation?

Constitutional Convention

Describe the Great Compromise.

The Great Compromise created a two house legislature: The House of Representatives was based on Population and the Senate had two Senators per State.

A group of people called    —------ opposed the Constitution because they feared it would weaken State rights and take away individual liberties.

Anti-Federalists

What’s the term for dividing the government into three parts?

Separation of Powers

What was created to prevent one branch of government from becoming too powerful?

Checks and Balances

According to the Constitution power resides with . . .

The People

In the original Constitution that is before any Amendments only one part of one branch was elect by the people.  Which was it?

House of Representatives

In order to avoid the accusation of No Taxation without Representation all, revenue or tax bills, must start in this part of Government.

House of Representatives

Another way that the government attempted to prevent concentration of power was by dividing power between the Federal Government and the States. What is this called?

Federalism

Jefferson violated his own principle of strict interpretation of the Constitution when he purchased the . . .

Louisiana Purchase

This case gave the Supreme Court the power of Judicial Review or the power to rule laws Unconstitutional.

Marbury v. Madison

What were the main causes of the War of 1812?

Britain impressing US sailors and attacking US ships.

The War of 1812 resulted in no change of land but it did increase feelings of pride or . . . 

Nationalism

How did the Cotton Gin impact slavery?

It increased slavery by making cotton more profitable to grow.

This document by our fifth President stated that European Countries cannot interfere in the America’s?

Monroe Doctrine

This compromise allowed Maine to enter as a free state and Missouri as a slave state.

Missouri Compromise

Why was John Quincy Adams accused of a corrupt bargain?

He was accused of making Henry Clay Secretary of State in return for his support.

Who did Jackson increase democracy to include? 

Poor white men.

Most famous conductor of the Underground Railroad.

Harriet Tubman

What was the trail of tears?

Forced migration of Cherokees.

How did the abolitionists attempt to build support?

Books and speeches by prominent abolitionists like Frederick Douglass.

Belief that the US should own all land from Ocean to Ocean.

Manifest Destiny

What did the social movements of the 1820’s and the 1830’s attempt to accomplish?

Belief that people can organize to improve society.

Mexico believed that this State was actually Mexican territory and the US had no right to annex it?

Texas

Define: Sectional Difference

Economic conditions led to one part of the country having slavery and the other largely free.

What was Henry Clay’s American System?

America could be self-sufficient by connecting the east, west and south.

What is secession?

When states leave the union. Eventually led to Civil War.

How would popular sovereignty decided the issue of slavery?

The people in the territories would vote to be free or slave.

What did the Know Nothing Party stand for?

Anti-Immigration or nativism.

This cases declared slaves property, ruled that black people had no rights, and declared the Missouri Compromise Unconstitutional.

Dred Scott v. Sandford

What was Uncle Tom’s Cabin about?

Horrors of slavery

What was Lincoln’s position on slavery in 1858? This was two years before he was elected president.

Slavery should not spread to the territories.

How was John Brown viewed by the some in the North and the South? 

Many Northerners viewed him as a hero and the South as evil.

Who was William Lloyd Garrison?

Famous abolitionist and publisher of the liberator.

This law made it illegal to help runaway slaves.

Fugitive Slave Act

Which side in the Civil War had an advantage that they were fighting a largely defensive war?

Confederacy

What was the Anaconda Plan?

Union strategy to blockade southern ports.

Why did some Northerners oppose abolition?

Racism, former slaves would compete with Northerners for jobs, and it would hurt cotton production which was needed for northern factories.

Who was freed by the Emancipation Proclamation?

Slaves living in the Confederate States.

General Lee lost so many troops in this battle that it was a turning point in the Civil War?

Gettysburg

General Grant was known for his use of total war. What did this mean?

Destroy southern resources and will to resist.

Who was the general who helped Grant carry out the strategy of Total War?

William Tecumseh Sherman

Radical Republicans said Johnson’s reconstruction plan was too easy on this group of people.

Former high ranking confederates.

Congress passed the _____ during reconstruction to grant citizenship to African Americans.

14th Amendment

How did the North attempt to protect Blacks during reconstruction?

Federal Troops

Who did Radical Republicans want in charge of Reconstruction?

Legislative branch.

This gave African American men the right to vote?

15th Amendment

What were Jim Crow Laws?

Laws of segragation.

This law broke up tribal lands and forced Native Americans to assimilate?

Dawes Act

Where were native americans forced to more onto in the late 1800’s?

Reservations

This law gave 160 acres of land to people who would live on it and improve it.

Homestead Act

What was the biggest natural hurdle to farming the great plains?

Lack of water

This invention ended the cattle drives.

Barbed wire

This political party was created by farmers.

Populist party

Populist proposed this economic change to create inflation and make it easier to pay off debt.

Free and unlimited coinage of silver

What is a tenement?   

Poor housing in cities.

What is a settlement house?

Charity that helped the urban poor.

What two inventions allowed for the growth of skyscrapers?

Cheap steel and elevators

Women’s jobs in the late 1800’s and early 1900’s now included?

Working in factories and being secretaries.

How did the Populist Party wanted to reform banks, currency and railroads?

Reduce interest rates for loans, use gold and silver to back currency and have government control railroads to lower shipping rates.

Andrew Carnegie gained control over this industry

Steel

What philosophy was used to justify extreme wealth for the business owners?

Social Darwinism

Fire that killed 146 mostly female workers.

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire

Name for tax that wealthier people have to pay a higher percentage of tax.

Graduated income tax

This government agency was created to regulate railroad rates.

Interstate Commerce Act

Who were the robber barons?

Powerful industrialist

Progressives believed education was important to. . .

Participate in Democracy

T.R. was the first President to use the Sherman Antitrust act to?

Break up trusts or monopolies.

This group wanted to end business abuse, improve working conditions, and eliminate corruption in government.

Progressives

This group wanted to end lynchings, end segregation, create equal opportunities for African Americans in society.

NAACP National Advancement Association of Colored People.

What crisis led to T.R. threatening to use federal troops to run the mines?

Coal miners strike

Which branch of the Armed Forces did expansionists (people who wanted US to control Pacific and interfere in Latin America) want to expand?

Navy

How did the Spanish American War achieve the goal of expansionists?

Gained parts of Spanish Empire

US policy that China should be open to trade with all nations.

Open door policy

The US had the right to interfere in Latin America. This was an addition to a policy from 1823.

Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine

Exaggerated newspaper stories that led to Spanish American War 

Yellow Journalism

This group of people were fighting the Spanish and the US went to help them.

Cuban rebels

This was the main cause of the US entering WWI.

German attacks on neutral ships.

This competition was a cause of WWI. One example took place in Morocco.

Imperialism

This country wanted to expand its territory by taking part of Austria Hungary.

Serbia

This is when one country goes to war its allies must also join the war.

Alliance system

Wilson’s plan to end WWI including the League of Nations.

Wilson’s 14 Points

This country had to claim responsibility for WW I as part of the Treaty of Versailles.

Germany

Which two countries fought with Germany?

Austria-Hungary and Ottoman Empire

This law made it illegal to oppose the draft.

Sedition Act 

Name of Supreme Court Case that established the principle of “Clear and Present Danger”.

Schenck v. USA