10 bio

What is the beginning process of sexual reproduction in fungi?

Plasmogamy or fusion of mycelia.

What does Gnathostome mean?

A jawed mouth.

What is a choanocyte?

A poriferan flagellated cell that creates a current to move water through the organism.

What is NOT a defining trait found in chordate embryos?

Gametophytes.

What is the correct order of vertebrate innovations after the evolution of the vertebral column?

Lungs >> 4 limbs >> jaws >> amniote egg.

How is the gastrovascular cavity in cnidarians less functional?

With only one opening, a single item must be completely digested & expelled before a new food item can begin.

What is NOT a correct way to describe an amphibian?

Amniote.

Amphibians are completely dependent on an aquatic environment for what?

Reproduction.

Which phylum and description combination is incorrect?

Platyhelminthes — flatworms, acoelomate.

What are Craniates?

Fish with a cartilaginous skeleton.

What are Tetrapods?

To have limbs with digits.

What are Amniotes?

To have an amniotic egg.

What are Chordates?

To have a notochord.

What are Vertebrates?

To have vertebrae.

What are Chondrichthyes?

To have a skull.

What are Gnathostomes?

Vertebrates with jaws.

What are key characteristics of Chordates?

An organism that has a notochord, a dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits or clefts and a muscular, post-anal tail.

What are amniotes?

Includes the tetrapods and other amniotes such as reptiles (including birds) and mammals.

What are Craniates?

Represented today by hagfishes and lampreys, are chordates that have a head.

What is an amphibian?

An example includes animals such as salamanders that requires water for reproduction.