Fallacy

ad hominem

attacking the person presenting

the argument instead of the

argument itself

appeal to force

using the threat of force or an

undesirable event to advance an

argument

appeal to emotion

using emotions such as pity or

sympathy

appeal to the popular

the idea is presented as

acceptable because a lot of

people accept it

appeal to tradition

the idea is acceptable because it

has been true for a long time

begging the question

assuming the thing or idea to be

proven is true; also known as

"circular argument"

cause-and-effect

assuming a cause-and-effect"

relationship between unrelated

events.

fallacy of composition

assuming that what is true of a

part is true for the whole

fallacy of division

Assuming that what is true for the

whole is true for its parts