L13: Protostome basic attributes

Protostome habitat

almost everywhere (land, freshwater, ocean)

Ecological roles

Decomposers herbivores carnivores

Food sources for humans

shrimps snails

ecosystem services

soil aeration from earthworms

Key research models from Protostomes

Fruit Fly and Roundworm

First animals to move onto land

Protostome

Adaptive radiation

when a single ancestorial species evolves into many others to fit a niche

Proteosome problems when moving to land

Exchanging gases avoiding drying out and supporting their bodies without water

adaption for land problems in Roundworms and earthworms

high surface area for gas exchange in moist environment

adaption or land problems in Arthropods and Mollusks

internal gills and respiratory structures to reduce water loss

adaption of insects for land problems in insects

waxy layer to prevent water loss

Adaptation of snails for land problems in snails

Shells to retain moisture

Protostomes that are Lophotrochozoan

mollusks, flatworms and segmented worms

Protostomes than are Ectozoan

Arthropods and roundworms

Lophotrochozoan growth type

incrementally

Ecdysozoan growth type

molting