Indian Removal and Impact on Native Nations

These flashcards cover the key concepts and events regarding the Indian Removal policy and its impact on Native American nations.

What was the primary intention behind the Indian Removal policy?

To clear land East of the Mississippi River for white settlement.

Who were most heavily impacted by the Indian Removal Act of 1830?

The Five Civilized Tribes, which included the Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, and Seminole.

What was the role of John Quincy Adams regarding Indian affairs?

He proposed that the national government take control of all Indian affairs, but this was not well received.

What did the Supreme Court rule in favor of the Cherokee Nation in 1831?

The Court ruled that the Cherokee Nation is a domestic dependent nation entitled to government protection.

What was the Treaty of New Echota?

A fraudulent treaty in which a minority faction of the Cherokee agreed to give up their land East of the Mississippi.

What was a consequence of the forced removal of the Cherokee Nation known as?

The Trail of Tears, where approximately 4,000 Cherokee died during the forced march.

What did the government promise the Native Americans in exchange for their land during removal?

Financial assistance for moving expenses and help with supplies along the journey.

What kind of resistance methods did Native Americans employ against removal?

Political petitions, letter writing campaigns, and support from sympathetic individuals.

What were the conditions like during the forced removal of Native American tribes?

Horrific, with inadequate supplies leading to great suffering and many deaths.

Who was John Ross?

The elected principal chief of the Cherokee Nation who advocated for Native American rights and against removal.