3 - Contempory urban processes

What is the urban processes order?

Urbanisation, suburbanisation, counter-urbanisation, urban resurgence

What is suburbanisation and how does it put pressure on the greenbelt?

The movement of people from living in the inner city to the outer edges which causes urban sprawl and puts pressure on the greenbelts

What are some pros of suburbs?

- less crime

- different job opportunities

- less pollution

- more community spirit

- larger gardens

- avoid increased smog levels in the city centre

- avoiding possible inner city economic depression

What are some cons of a suburban place we studied?

In LA:

- loss of greenbelt

- population growth so need for more facilities

- social segregation

- high security gates

- increased price of land

On the timeline of suburbanisation what happened in the 1900's, 1930's, 1940's?

1900 - People who lived in the suburbs were often richer and people in the inner city were poorer causing segregation

1930 - ribbon development with few planning controls caused urban sprawl, traffic mainly built along main roads

1940 - creation of greenbelts with low density land use being strictly controlled

What was suburbanisation like/thought of in the 1950's/60's, 70's and 90's

1950/60 - Large scale council housing on the urban fringe but better planned

1970 - Move towards home ownership and more private housing estates built on the urban fringe with gardens and control of the greenbelt was ignored and shopping outlets were built

1990's - Safe places away from inner city crime

What happened in recent years with the suburbanisation of the UK?

More people move to the suburbs for lower crime and pollution rates and their own gardens

How can transport be deemed the cause of suburbanisation in LA?

Less people work from home and so commute to work and car ownership increases. The government invested heavily in the roads over public transport and there is LA's famous freeway making commuting to work possible so now 80% of people there own cars

However, LA do the carpool lanes to reduce greenhouse gas emissions

What's counter-urbanisation and what is our case study?

People in HIC's moving to smaller urban settlements or rural areas

Alderly Edge

Why do people move to counter urban areas generally?

- Quieter lifestyle, more greenspace, detached housing and privacy

How has transport and technology lead to counter urban areas being hubs of teleworking and what are the benefits of teleworking?

- Teleworking, train station or A34 to Manchester and advances in communications such as Zoom

- More flexible and businesses don't have to pay heating costs

What's urban resurgence?

Economic and structural regeneration of an urban area which has suffered a period of decline

What do both the donut model and dead heart syndrome show?

Where urban populations and economic activity shift from the city centre to the suburbs, leaving the inner city in decline

What are the social environmental and economic issues with urban resurgence?

Falling birth rates, poorly built tower blocks, vandalism, overcrowding, unemployment, lack of space for businesses, pollution

How is urban resurgence beneficial?

Improved housing, more jobs, encouraged private sector investment, more open spaces

How was urban resurgence in a place we studied and describe it?

The crescent shaped buildings encouraged crime as the buildings were shaped in a way which concealed the crime begins walls and the buildings were poorly built leading to structural collapses and lack of safety

Hulme where 1000+ teenage slums were cleared and homeless were living in derelict buildings however now 46% of homes are now owned.

In the future what happens to the job sectors due to urban resurgence?

Rise in part-time and service sector jobs and fall in economic value of industry due to outsourcing of products and less demand for traditional products because the area will be more homogeneous and not unique