motivation

week 6

what is motivation

• internal state that compels goal-directed behaviour & thought

• object of motivation & intensity

5 perspectives on motivation and describe

1. psychodynamic: implicit drive theories

2. behaviourist: drive decrease intensive theory

3. humanistic: mallows hierarchy of needs

4. cognotive: goal setting, expectancy value, SFT

5. evolutionary: unique roles for status

what is a drive

• basic internal process, registers a need & creates internal state of tension infproportion to intensity of need

• operate = negative feedback

• biologically innate // learned via association

homeostasis cycle with needs

1. homeostasis

2. biological need occurs

3. biological need (flood/water)

4. drive (state of tension)

5. organism motivated to satisfy drive

6. goal-directed behaviour (action taken)

7. need satisfied (thirst/ hunger relived)

8. balance restored

describe psychodynamic drives

• freud’s inital drive theory: unconsious drives (complete and ambiguous when emerging into unconsciousness)

• 2 broad drive sensations:

  • eros: gratify bodily needs

  • Thanatos: control/destroy unwanted parts

describe cognitive perspective theory

1. goal setting

   • set mental representation of possible future outcomes where we have what we desire

   • know knowledge to plan steps

2. expectancy value theory

   • mental values we place pursing a goal not just from valuable imagined outcome

   • plausible that we believe steps are

   • motivation increase when goals increase to more realistic

3. self-determination theory (intrinsic)

   • actions we perform are compelling & provide motivation in themselves

   • autonomy: will has impact on world

   • competence: ca succeed w moderate effort

   • relatedness: experience shared with others

describe humanistic perspective

• concerned with human flourishing & therapeutic prospect of + growth to contributions to motivate therapy addressing spheres relate effects deprivation

describe mallows theory

• arranged by common needs

• unmeet lower needs impair ability of higher needs

list order of needs in maslows theory from high to low

1. self actualisation (self-fulfilment, achieve full potential)

2. esteem needs: prestige& accomplished (psychological

3. belongingness & love needs (psychological)

4. safety needs: security, safety (basic)

5. physiological needs: food, water, warmth, rest (basic)

describe evolutionary perspective

• context to arbitrary nature of bio physiological drives

• particular survival & reproducible context of human insight to counterintuitive expectations to logic of heiracy of needs

• notabilityL primates disproportionally prioritise status in fairness