Pharm Practice Questions for Quiz 1

Which of the following does the nurse identify as the primary purpose of federal legislation in drug standards?

a) preventing over charging for drugs

b) controlling efforts in drug research

c) ensuring public safety

d) moderating effective drug usage

c) ensuring public safety

The nurse knows the importance of administering the right medication to the patient and that drugs have many names. it is therefore most important that drugs be ordered by which name?

a) trade

b) chemical

c) generic

d) brand

c) generic

why was the ANA code of ethics developed

as a guide for carrying out nursing responsibilities in a manner consistent with quality in nursing care and ethical obligations of the profession

A patient has liver and kidney disease. He is given a medication with a half-life of 30 hours. What is the expected duration of this medication?   

a) increased

b) decreased

c) remain unchanged

d) dissipate

a) increased (longer half-life)

When assessing older adults and those with renal dysfunction, the nurse would expect the creatinine clearance to be which of the following?

a) substantially increased

b) slightly increased

c) decreased

d) in the normal range

c) decreased

A patient sustains significant burns to the skin and is experiencing fluid shift associated with edema in the fluid overload phase. The nurse would anticipate that this will interfere most with which phase of pharmacodynamics?

a) absorption

b) distribution

c) metabolism

d) excretion

b) distribution

Which nursing actions would be most appropriate for ensuring patient safety with a medication that has a low therapeutic index?

a) Monitoring a patient’s urine output

b) Assessing vital signs hourly

c) Maintaining strict isolation precautions

d) Monitoring serum peak and trough levels

d) Monitoring serum peak and trough levels

What is the primary site of metabolism for most drugs?

a) kidney

b) small intestine

c) liver

d) brain

c) liver

What are four guidelines that the nurse should teach the patient about the use of herbs?

a) Do not use herbs if pregnant or nursing.

b) May be given for children two years of age and older

c) Seek care from HCP for side effects

d) Read labels and follow requirements

e) Consult HCP about other prescription and OTC drugs before starting herbs

a) Do not use herbs if pregnant or nursing.

c) Seek care from HCP for side effects

d) Read labels and follow requirements

e) Consult HCP about other prescription and OTC drugs before starting herbs

Which statement about St. John’s wort is true?

a) Current research suggests that it is no more effective than placebo when used by individuals with depression

b) Side effects include hypotension, breast tenderness, menstrual irregularities, hypoglycemia

c) St. John’s wort has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to treat depression

d) Users of St. John’s wort should avoid tyramine-rich foods while taking the supplement

Which herb is thought by some to improve memory associated with aging?

a) ginger

b) Valerian

c) ginkgo biloba

d) echinacea

c) ginkgo biloba

Before beginning herb therapy, which of the following herbs should the patient inform the HCP, when the patient is receiving an anticoagulant secondary to previous blood clots?

a) garlic

b) echinacea

c) valerian

d) peppermint

a) garlic

At what age does a child begin to metabolize enzymes at an adult level?

a) at infancy

b) 2 years old

c) 11 years old

d) 16 years old

c) 11 years old

Although adolescents have physical appearance and organ structure and function similar to that of adults, the nurse understands that their bodies continue to grow, requiring the nurse to follow increased vigilance in monitoring what?

a) Therapeutic and toxic drug levels

b) Side effects of medications

c) Route of medication administration

d) Frequency of medication administration

a) Therapeutic and toxic drug levels

What is the most appropriate method of the nurse to administer oral medication to a toddler?

a) In a nipple

b) Dipped in a pacifier

c) Via an oral syringe

d) Mixed with formula in a bottle

c) Via an oral syringe

Drug calculations for children are based on which factors? (select all that apply)

a) Sex

b) Age

c) Weight 

d) Height

b) Age

c) Weight 

d) Height

When administering medications to the older adult population, which of the following physiologic changes of aging does the nurse realize can affect drug activity? (select all that apply)

a) Increase fat-to-water ratio

b) Decreased liver blood flow

c) Increase renal function and blood flow

d) Increased gastrointestinal/ blood flow

a) Increase fat-to-water ratio

b) Decreased liver blood flow

Which of the following does not cause frequent adverse reactions and drug interactions in older adults?

a) Consumption of numerous drugs owing to multiple chronic illnesses

b) Drugs ordered by several health care providers

c) Increased action of the immune system

d) Self-medication with OTC preparations

c) Increased action of the immune system

Which is a physiologic change seen in the older adult that has an effect on pharmacokinetics?

a) Lower (acidic) gastric secretions (PH in the stomach) → MORE acidic

b) Increased first-pass effect through the liver

c) Increased glomerular filtration rate

d) Lower cardiac output

d) Lower cardiac output

Which of the following terms describes older adults taking many medications together?

a) tachyphylaxis

b) drug interaction

c) polypharmacy

d) tolerance

c) polypharmacy

A patient who smoked 1 pack of cigarettes a day for 2 years abruptly stopped smoking 2 days ago. Which of the following would the nurse performing an assessment on the patient expect to identify as manifestations of nicotine withdrawal?

a) Increased appetite and blood pressure

b) Restlessness and increased blood pressure

c) Depression and decreased blood pressure

d) Nausea, confusion, and seizures

c) Depression and decreased blood pressure

Which of the following does the nurse performing an assessment on a patient expect to identify as the manifestations of cocaine use?

a) Fatigue and hallucinations

b) Cardiac dysrhythmias and violent behavior

c) Shock and hypotension

d) Shallow respirations and pallor

b) Cardiac dysrhythmias and violent behavior

A patient with a known opioid addiction is to have surgery. Which of the following is necessary in planning the patient’s postoperative pain management?

a) Withhold opioid medications

b) Treat the addiction before managing pain

c) Provide pain management as needed

d) Anticipate that the patient will experience less pain

c) Provide pain management as needed

Are calcium and sodium directly or indirectly balanced?

indirectly balanced

What are manifestations of hypokalemia?

a) twitching of the mouth

b) seizures

c) urinary retention

d) carpopedal spasms

e) increased appetite

f) drowsiness, sleepiness

a) twitching of the mouth

b) seizures

d) carpopedal spasms

Which foods would not be recommended for a patient who needs to eat a diet high in potassium?

a) mangoes and spinach

b) bananas and tomatoes

c) cucumbers and strawberries

d) eggs and whole-grain breads

d) eggs and whole-grain breads

A patient sustains a significant blood loss secondary to a trauma. The nurse anticipates using which fluid to best replace the losses?

a) crystalloids

b) colloids

c) blood products

d) lipids

c) blood products

a nurse is caring for a patient who was admitted with multiple fractures and hypercalcemia. Which symptoms would the nurse expect to find during an assessment of th patient with hypercalcemia?

a) tetany

b) flabby muscles

c) irritability

d) anxiety

b) flabby muscles

What is probably the most undiagnosed electrolyte deficiency?

a) hypokalemia

b) hypocalcemia

c) hypomagnesemia

d) hyponatremia

c) hypomagnesemia

a patient is taking furosemide 40 mg daily for heart failure and hypertension. What is most important for th nurse to assess the patient for the development of?

a) low serum potassium, sodium, and magnesium, and elevated calcium

b) low serum potassium and sodium, and elevated magnesium and calcium

c) low serum potassium, sodium, magnesium, and calcium

d) low serum potassium and sodium, with magnesium and calcium remaining normal

c) low serum potassium, sodium, magnesium, and calcium

Which statement will the nurse include when teaching a patient about loop diuretics?

a) take the medication at bedtime

b) take the medication on an empty stomach

c) Rise slowly from a lying or sitting to standing position to prevent dizziness

d) Avoid fruit and vegetables in the diet

c) Rise slowly from a lying or sitting to standing position to prevent dizziness

A patient is admitted to the intensive care unit with increased intracranial pressure. Which of ht following does the nurse anticipate administering?

a) furosemide

b) mannitol

c) triameterene

d) spironolactone

b) mannitol

A patient is receiving furosemide. What is most important for the nurse to monitor the patient for the development of?

a) hyperkalemia

b) hypokalemia

c) hyponatremia

d) hypernatremia

b) hypokalemia

A patient with congestive heart failure gains 5 pounds in 1 week. Which of the following most indicates a fluid weight gain of 5 pounds?

a) ½ L

b) 1L

c) 2 L

d) 3L

c) 2 L

Which statement about aldosterone does t nurse identify as being true?

a) Aldosterone promotes sodium excretion.

b) Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid hormone.

c) Aldosterone promotes potassium retention.

d) Aldosterone is secreted by the pancreas.

b) Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid hormone.

A patient with chronic glaucoma is most likely to receive which drug?

a) a thiazide diuretic

b) a loop diuretic

c) a potassium-sparing diretics

d) a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

d) a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

When teaching a patient who has been prescribed metoprolol about side/adverse effects, which is the highest priority teaching point?

a) Report any complaints of stuffy nose

b) Instruct the patient how to take a pulse

c) Check for bladder distention

d) Warn of possible impotence and decreased libido

b) Instruct the patient how to take a pulse

(low heart rate is one of the side effects)

Stimulation of which adrenergic receptor results in dilation of vessels and decrease in blood pressure?

a) alpha 1

b) alpha 2

c) beta 1

d) beta 2

Which of the following is a side effect/adverse effect of atenolol that is important for the nurse to teach the patient?

a) pupillary constriction

b) Blood vessel dilation

c) Bradycardia

d) tachycardia

c) Bradycardia

When a nurse is administering epinephrine to a patient during a cardiac arrest, what is the primary desired action of this medication?

a) stimulate a heart rate

b) decrease cerebral blood flow

c) initiate respirations

d) increase blood flow to the kidneys

a) stimulate a heart rate

A patient has been prescribed atenolol. To ensure safe dosing, the nurse teaches the patient to frequently assess what parameter?

a) Daily weight

b) Heart rate

c) Urine output

d) Body temperature

b) Heart rate

A patient is receiving dopamine intravenously. Which drug should the nurse have available to treat extravasation and tissue necrosis?

a) Norepinephrine bitartrate

b) Nadolol

c) Phentolamine mesylate

d) Clonidine

c) Phentolamine mesylate

A patient has received atropine. It is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for which effect?

a) anxiety

b) Constipation

c) Urinary retention

d) Impaired oral mucous membrane

c) Urinary retention

A nurse has just administered atropine to a patient. It is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for the development of which side effect/adverse effect?

a) Nausea

b) Tachycardia

c) Rales

d) Hypotension

b) Tachycardia

A patient is ordered to receive bethanechol chloride for urinary retention. Which health condition would serve as a contraindication for this medication?

a) Asthma

b) Hypertension

c) Diabetes mellitus

d) Chronic allergies

a) Asthma

A patient received atropine as a preoperative medication 30 minutes ago. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates to the nurse that the medication was effective?

a) “I feel like I need to throw up.”

b) “I need to urinate.”

c) “My mouth feels dry.”

d) “I have a headache.”

c) “My mouth feels dry.”

A patient is prescribed scopolamine. It is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for a history of which condition?

a) Diabetes mellitus

b) Glaucoma

c) Allergy to penicillin

d) Gastric ulcer

b) Glaucoma

Atropine is most useful in the treatment of which cardiovascular condition?

a) Ventricular fibrillation

b) First-degree heart block

c) Premature atrial contraction

d) Sinus bradycardia

d) Sinus bradycardia