Lecture 3: Other STI's

HPV (Human papilloma virus)

• very common STD

• untreated in women= cervical cancer

• virus enters body though sex and infects calls

• 90% of cases healed in 2 years, 0.8% develop cancer

What are the 3 stages of syphilis?

1) Primary: sore on genitals 3-90 days after exposure

2) secondary: 4-10 weeks after exposure, copper rash over whole body

3) tertiary: nontreatable, 3-5 years after infection, internal organ damage

HSV (Herpes Simplex Virus) 

• recurring viral STD with painful genital lesions

• most common STD in the US, 45 million

HSV (Herpes Simplex Virus)  Type 1

• around the lips (cold sore), oral labial lesions

• tends to reside in the trigeminal ganglion

• 5-10%

HSV (Herpes Simplex Virus) Type 2

• 90-95% genital herpes lesions

  • one is not worse that the other

• Sacro dorsal root ganglia

What is the microorganism that causes syphilis?

• treponema pallidum

  • obligate (parasite-like): need a living host

  • spiral shaped

  • able to move

Chlamydia trachomatis

• have to do their reproduction within a cell

  • form inclusion bodies

• NOT a virus

• do not produce their own energy

  • use ATP from host cell “energy vampires”

Types of diseases for chlamydia

• similar to gonorrhea

• STD pathogen is trachomatis

• trachoma, inclusion conjunctivitis, LGV (lymphogranuloma vernerum) (not common in US), PID

Growth cycle of C.trachomatis

1. enters host as elementary body (EB), very resistant (start inclusion)

2. keeps phagocytosis from happening due to rigid membrane

3. reorganize into reticulate body (RB), a lot of RNA

4. begin to divide - binary fission

5. transform back to elemental body (inclusion body)

6. emerge from cells and go to infect others

Things to know about Chlamydia

• most commonly reported bacterial STI in US

• similar to gonorrhea

• women and men may not have symptoms

• increased risk of ectopic pregnancy, damage to fallopian tubes

• can increase pre-term labor

• mother can pass to baby through vaginal birth

  • eye damage and pneumonia

• vaginal and penial discharge, burning during peeing, swelling, women bleeding

• untreated= PID

What is trachoma?

• caused by chlamydia

• affects eyes, very contagious

• spread thru handkerchiefs

• leading cause of blindness worldwide

What causes Trichomoniasis?

• trich is a very common STD

• parasite

• caused by protozoan- trichomoniasis vaginalis

• most can’t tell that they are infected

• bleeding, discharge, burning, urge to pee