Chap 13 Civil War Vocab

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Abraham Lincoln

16th US President

Washington DC

Capital of USA (North)

Union

North

Jefferson Davis

a senator from Mississippi who was elected as president of the Confederacy 

Richmond, VA

Capital of CSA (South)

Border States

the states between the North and the South that were divided over whether to stay in the Union or join the Confederacy

Blockade

cut off an area by means of troops or warships to stop supplies or people from coming in or going out

Primary

an election in which voters choose their party’s candidate

Defensive Strategy

to defend its homeland, holding on to as much territory as possible until the North tired of fighting

Offensive

to attack

Robert E. Lee

Confederate general during the Civil War

George B. McClellan

Union general

Stonewall Jackson

General officer in the CSA

Yankee

Union soldier

Rebels

Confederate soldier

Ironclad

armored naval vessel 

Abandoned

 to leave behind

Casualties

a military person killed, wounded, or captured

David Farragut

Flag officer in the US Navy

Prospect

 the possibility of an event in the future happening

Evaluate

to assess something 

Emancipate

to free from slavery

Reluctance

the unwillingness to do something 

Ratify

to give official approval to

13th Amendment

The amendment that abolished slavery in all of the United States

Clara Barton

a U.S. nurse who helped both side

Habeas Corpus

a legal order for an inquiry to determine whether a person has been lawfully imprisoned

Draft

to be selected to serve in the military

Bounties

money given as a reward for serving in army

Inflation

a rise in price of goods

Greenbacks

 a piece of U.S. paper money first issued by the North during the Civil Wa

Entrenched

 occupying a strong defensive position

George Meade

US Army General who led the Army of Potomac 

Nevertheless

Despite anything

Total War

war on all aspects of the enemy’s life

Appomattox Court House

a small Virginia village

Fort Sumter

When:April 12, 1861

Where: Fort Sumter

What Happened:

A: Confederates order attack on Fort Sumter

B: High seas prevent Union ships from reaching the fort

C: President Lincoln calls for 75,000 troops to save the Union

Who Wins: Confederates

Strengths/ Strategies of the North

Strengths:

1\. Larger population 2. More Industry

3\. More abundant resources 4. Better banking system

5\. More ships  6. More efficient railway 

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Goals:

A: Bring South back into the Union

B. End Slavery

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Strategy:

Offense

Strengths/ Strategies of the South

Strengths:


1. Fighting in familiar territory
2. Better military leadership

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Goals:

A: Win recognition as an independent nation

B. Preserve traditional way of life

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Strategy:

Defense

First Battle of Bull Run

When: July 21, 1861 

Where: Washington D.C 

What Happened: 

A Residents of Washington D.C went to watch the First battle of Bull Run

B Union army retreated 

Who Wins: Confederates 

War at Sea: Blockade

When: 1861

Where:  CSA Ports

How does it work: An effective blockade would prevent the South from exporting its cotton and from importing the supplies necessary to continue the war.

What Happened 578(2)


1. Caused problems for the South 

The Monitor vs The Merrimack

North: Merrimack

South: Monitor

When: March 8, 1862

Where: Norfolk Virginia

What 

A Union gets attacked by Confederate ship, the Merrimack

B North sends an ironclad ship of its own,the Monitor, to engage the Confederate ship in battle.

Who Wins: Union

Battle of Shiloh

When: April 6

Where: Corinth MI 

What Happened

A- Confederate forces launched a surprise attack on the Union troops.

B- 20,000 casualties 

Who Wins: Union 

Battle of Antietam

When: September 17, 1862 

Where: Sharpsburg, VA

What Happened:

A CSA attacks the North near Washington D.C

B Bloodiest day of fighting, 23,000 are killed  

Who wins: South retreats 

Emancipation Proclamation

When: January 1, 1863

Where: Areas that the South controlled 

What Happened:


1. Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation 

Effects:


1. African American slaves were freed from slavery 

African American Soldiers

When: July 18, 1863 

Where: Charleston, South Carolina 

What Happened:

A Soldiers attack a Confederate fort 

B nearly half of the 54th, is injured or killed

South’s reaction: Their bravery won respect for African American troops.

Treating the Sick

When: 1861- 1864 (during the war)

Where: North and South 

What Happened:

A.Women proved men wrong and aided many injured soldiers 

B. Sally Tompkins established hospital in the South 

Battle of Gettysburg

When: July 1-3 1863

Where: Gettysburg PA

What Happened

A 3 day battle in the North

B 51,000 died

Who Wins: CSA retreats (Union wins)

Gettysburg Address

When:  November 19, 1863

Where: ceremony dedicating a cemetery at Gettysburg 

What Happened

A: President Lincoln beautifully expressed what the war had come to mean

Total War (Event)

When: 1864 

Where: Savannah, Georgia 

What Happened

A: Union troops took what food they needed and tore up railroad lines and fields in an effort to destroy anything useful to the South.

B: The army marched through South Carolina, devastating the state.

Surrender at Appomattox

When: April 9, 1865 

Where: Appomattox Court House 

What Happened:


1. Lee moved his army west of Richmond

Terms:612(1)


1. The Confederate soldiers were free to go home

Who Wins the War:  North (Union)

WTS

union