CJ 431 - Corrections SDSU Final

Tania Mejia O'Donnell SDSU Class Corrections CJ 431

Which level of government typically oversees jails?

Counties

What type of offenses are the majority of jail inmates held for?

Non-Violent offenses

A term for a set amount of money that an accused person pays as a guarantee to the court that they will appear for trial and other court proceedings after being released from police custody pending sentencing

Bail

A term for the practice of holding an individual in jail after they have been arrested and before their sentencing

Pretrial Detention

Poverty, unemployment, and low educational attainment are __________ that commonly affect jail inmates

Socioeconomic Factors

A term for a period of supervision following incarceration from prison

Parole

What is the most common form of correctional control in the US?

Probation

A term for infractions committed by individuals on probation or parole that involve breaking specific rules of their supervision agreement

Technical Violations

A term for the extensive system of monitoring individuals under correctional control in the community

Mass Supervision

A term for the specific requirements set by a court that an individual must meet or comply with in order to be released from custody

Conditions of Release

What level of government typically oversees prisons?

State

Who operates and manages federal prisons in the US?

Bureau of Prisons

What model is CDCR implementing?

The California Model

Name of principle in CM that aims to make prison life as similar as possible to the outside life

Normalization

What Pillar of the California Model focuses on relationship building for security

Dynamic Security

A term for correctional facilities operated by private entities under contract with government agencies, typically to house inmates at a lower cost than public institutions

Private Prisons

A prison term that is so lengthy it effectively ensures the inmate will spend the rest of their natural life behind bars, despite not being explicitly labeled as "life imprisonment"

Virtual Life

Term for the emotional and psychological hardships associated with incarceration

The Pains of Imprisonment

What are the 3 C's of correctional officers responsibilities?

Care, Custody, and Control

What is the main focus of Liu Et Al's (2023) study?

Impact/Role of Social Support

Name of Podcast that uplifts the voices of people in prison

Ear Hustle

What is the primary focus of the last week tonight with John Oliver episode

Prisoner Reentry

What is one of the main challenges faced by parolees, as mentioned in the life on parole documentary

Access to Healthcare

Which mental health conditions were commonly present among individuals featured in the documentary life after prison for people with mental illness

Schizophrenia and Antisocial Personality Disorder

In 5 block, Jose Flores said _______ has been the most transformative thing behind bars

Education

A term for the likelihood of a convicted criminal to reoffend and return to criminal behavior after having been previously punished

Recidivism

Name of program that aims to keep young people out of the criminal justice system while addressing the underlying causes of their harmful behavior

District Attorney's Juvenile Diversion Initiative

What document does SD's reentry services division help people get as part of their short-term reentry

ID's

An ongoing challenge behind bars as highlighted by Officer Edrozo and Jose Flores

Prison Gangs

Term for a secret or covert message or note passed between inmates

Kite

Name of California's prison system and who runs it

CDCR

What country is the California Model inspired from

Norway

Term for the pillar of the California Model uses lived experience to support and mentor peers

Peer Mentorship

Name of federal prison in San Diego

Metropolitan Correction Center (MCC)

Name of private prison in San Diego

Western Region Detention Facility

How many jails does San Diego county have

7

Name of women's facility

Las Colinas Detention and Reentry Facility

Name of primary booking facility

San Diego Central Jail

Name of new county jail

Rock Mountain Detention Facility

Name of primary facility for north county with veterans pod

Vista Detention Facility

Fastest growing incarcerated population

Women

Name of most stigmatized group in the CJS

Sex Offenders

1 in 8 prisoners in the US are

Lifers

Name one special pop. and describe what specific needs they might have

Group/Needs

A ________ designs and implements policies and practices that acknowledge and address the specific experiences and needs of individuals based on their gender, aiming to reduce disparities and promote equality

Gender-Responsive Approach

What did the group of formerly incarcerated individuals mostly talk about

Reentry Journey

Providing the court with accurate, objective, and comprehensive reports to assist in fair sentencing decisions is the job of the _______ unit in US probation

Investigations

Monitoring and enforcing court imposed conditions on individuals in the community is the job of the ______ unit in US probation

Supervision

The DA's juvenile diversion initiatives is a partnership with the _______

National Conflict Resolution Center

Some people refer to echo yard at RJD as

Disneyland of Prisons

Name of main juvenile facility in San Diego county

East Mesa Juvenile Detention Facility (EMJDF)

Name of new, rehabilitation focused juvenile facility in San Diego county

Youth Transition Campus (YTC)

How many years is a life sentence for youth in CA

7 Years

Most youth in custody are in for

Violent Offenses

At what age does the brain stop developing

25

What is the name of the department that operates county jails in San Diego

San Diego County Sheriff

There are over ______ criminal justice systems in the US

3,000

Language that emphasizes the individuality and humanity of those involved in the system

People Centered Langauge

Why is there a lack of transparency in private prisons

Contractual Secrecy/Propriety Information

What two significant issues face probation departments nationwide

Understaffing and Resource Constraints

How many people are held within our criminal justice systems

2 Million

% of people in jail report having at least one mental health condition

44%

How many jails does California have in _____ counties?

114 Jails in 58 Counties

What is CDCR's budget?

$14.5 Billion

How many prison security levels are there

4

Cost to incarcerate inmate in California per year

$106,000

Number of probation departments in California

59

Number of youths that are confined in facilities

48,000

Goals of juvenile corrections

Rehabilitate, Prevent Future Crimes, Assist in Developing Life Skills

Number of juvenile facilities in US

1,323

% of youth that are LGBTQ in juvenile facilities

20%

Reasons for school to prison pipeline

Zero Tolerance Policies, Educational Disparities, Pushout Factors, Socioeconomic Factors

When can minors be charged as adults

Factors like Severity of Crime, Minor's Age, and Prior Record

Age for minor to be tried as adult

14

Differences between juvenile and adult courts

Focus on Rehab vs. Punishment, Emphasis on Individual Assessment, Parental Involvement, Detention vs. Bail

Cost of 1 youth incarceration in California

$284,700

Place where people are awaiting trial who are deemed a flight risk or danger to public safety

Jails

Role of jails

Processing Center, Short-Term Incarceration, Temp Holding, Public Safety

Reasons people end up in jail

Criminal Activity, Awaiting Trial, Violation of Probation/Parole, Contempt of Court

Who is housed in jails

Pretrial Detainees, Locally Sentenced, Probation/Parole Violators, ICE Detainees

Main differences of jails vs. prisons

Purpose/Duration of Stay, Management, Type of Inmates, Services, Security Levels, Health Care Services

% of arrests that are low-level misdemeanor offenses that could land people in jail

80%

% of people who have not been convicted of their current charges in jail

66%

How many jails does California have

114

SDCJ?

San Diego Central Jail

GBDF?

George Bailey Detention Facility

EMRF?

East Mesa Reentry Facility

VDF?

Vista Detention Facility

LCDRF?

Las Colinas Detention and Reentry Facility

SBDF?

South Bay Detention Center

RMDF?

Rock Mountain Detention Center

What is pretrial detention?

Refers to the practice of holding individuals in jail while they await trial

Estimated amount of people under probation and parole

3.745 Million

How many states did the probation pop decreased

31

How many states did the probation pop increase

19

Are there more people on probation or parole

Probation

Types of probation

Formal and Informal

Most widely used form of correctional supervision in CA

Probation

Total staff for San Diego probation

872

Number of adults on probation in San Diego - FY 22-23

8,391