Kantian ethics scholars

Dewar (hypothetical imperative)

Any hypothetical imperative is wrong

Benjamin Constant

The duty to always tell the truth would make society impossible. If we can't lie then society would collapse

Wojtyla

“Anyone who treats a person as the means to an end does violence to the very essence of the other”

Pojman

Questions how should we consider people with different levels of reason. If reason is an intrinsic good, then surely people with more reason are more intrinsically valuable than those with less?

Clarke

Moral laws aren’t the same everywhere, because of culture

Hume

‘Ought’ cannot be defined as an ‘is’. Just because something is a certain way, it doesn’t mean that you ought to do it. There is no obligation to do it. Morality is not prescriptive.

Dewar (Means to an end)

Any activity that denies the individual dignity of a human in order to achieve an end is wrong.

Thomas Nagel

Kant ignores the situation a person is in. Someone may think they are following duty, but they actually aren’t in the circumstance.