Modern Nationalism and the Indian Independence Movement

Flashcards covering key concepts of modern nationalism and the Indian Independence Movement.

What was the connection between modern nationalism and the formation of nation-states in India?

The growth of modern nationalism in India is linked to the anti-colonial movement.

What were the consequences of the First World War for India?

Increased defense expenditure, rising prices, and forced recruitment in rural areas.

What is Satyagraha?

A non-aggressive, peaceful mass agitation against oppression and injustice; it means insistence on truth.

What significant events were associated with the Jallianwala Bagh massacre?

On 13th April 1919, a huge crowd gathered, leading to brutal government repression after news of strikes and clashes spread.

Who led the Khilafat Movement?

Shaukat Ali and Muhammad Ali led the Khilafat Movement.

What was the aim of the Non-Cooperation Movement?

To unite with the Khilafat Movement and seek Swaraj (self-governance).

What role did middle-class participation play in the Non-Cooperation Movement?

It began with middle-class participation in cities, including students, teachers, and lawyers who gave up their jobs.

Who led the Peasant Movement in Awadh?

Baba Ramchandra led the Peasant Movement against landlords and talukdars in Awadh.

What was the significance of Swaraj for plantation workers?

For plantation workers, Swaraj meant the freedom to move freely, which was restricted by the Inland Emigration Act.

What was the Salt March and why was it significant?

The Salt March, beginning on March 12, 1930, was a pivotal act of civil disobedience where Gandhi broke the Salt Law, uniting the nation.

What was the impact of the worldwide economic depression on Indian politics?

The economic depression led to the collapse of agricultural prices and increased dissatisfaction with British rule.

What was the goal of the Simon Commission?

To assess the demands of nationalists and suggest changes in the constitutional structure of India.

What is the significance of the Poona Pact?

It granted reserved seats to Dalits in councils but allowed them to be voted on by the general electorate.

How did the sense of collective belonging develop in India?

Through united struggles and cultural expressions like folklore, songs, and symbols, including the Swaraj flag designed by Gandhi.

What was the primary focus of women in the civil disobedience movement?

Women participated in protests and picketing but were not allowed leadership roles within the Congress.