MONCK, THE RESTORATION & 1660 SETTLEMENT

When did the Rump return in December 1659 and what did it find?

The Rump returned on 26 December 1659 but found itself increasingly and rapidly out of step with public sentiment, which was now reflecting a desire for an end to turbulence.

What did Henry Vane grumble about after the Rump’s return?

Henry Vane grumbled that everything was going wrong and the House, City and army were looking towards the king.

When did General George Monck cross into England?

General George Monck crossed into England on 1 January 1660.

What did Haselrig expect Monck to do?

Haselrig expected that Monck would support the Rump and led Parliament to issue him with ‘Letters of Thanks from the Parliament… acknowledging his faithful Service, and high Deservings’.

What did Monck allow the Rump to do regarding the excluded members?

Monck allowed the Rump to reinstate the excluded members from Pride’s Purge.

What position was Monck appointed to after the reinstatement?

He himself was appointed Captain General, and Commander-in-Chief, under the Parliament, of all the Land-Forces of England, Scotland, and Ireland.

What happened on 21 February 1660?

The recall of the members who had been excluded by Pride’s Purge meant that the session of Parliament that began on 21 February 1660 included all surviving members of the original Long Parliament.

When did the reconvened Long Parliament publish a Bill of Dissolution?

On 16 March 1660, the reconvened Long Parliament published a Bill of Dissolution and made arrangements for a fresh election for a new parliament.

What proviso was attached to the Bill for Dissolving the Long Parliament?

‘While the Long Parliament is acting out of one single chamber in creating this Bill, its intention is not to infringe and certainly not to remove the ancient native Right of the House of Lords to be a part of the Parliament of England.’

What was resolved regarding 6 April 1660?

Resolved, That Friday, the 6th Day of April 1660, be set apart for a Day of public Fasting and demonstrations of humility, to be conducted solemnly throughout the Nation.

How were new elections for a fresh Parliament to be conducted?

New elections for a fresh Parliament were called, using the traditional electoral process and excluding no one on the basis of their activities over the past decades.

What plans were mooted regarding Charles Stuart and Lambert’s daughter?

Plans were even mooted that he might marry Lambert’s daughter to bridge the great divide with the army.

Who began to woo the excluded Presbyterian faction of 1648?

John Mordaunt, now Viscount Mordaunt, and to a significant extent, his wife Lady Mordaunt, based in London, began to woo the excluded Presbyterian faction of 1648, including the Earls of Northumberland, Manchester, Bedford and Clare as well as Denzil Holles and Sir Harbottle Grimston, whom he collectively nicknamed the ‘Presbyterian Knot’.

What did the ‘Presbyterian Knot’ still desire in 1660?

These men still desired what they had wanted in 1648: a settlement with the king who was bound to honour the liberty and privileges of Parliament and would govern with wise counsellors.

What did Monck focus on in his negotiations with Charles Stuart?

He kept fairly clear of parliamentary constitutional issues and instead focused on the army’s requirements, requesting indemnity, prompt payment of arrears and moderate religious toleration.

What sound piece of advice from Monck did Charles Stuart act upon?

Charles Stuart acted on a sound piece of advice from Monck and moved his court from Catholic Spain to the Protestant Dutch Republic.