AP Chinese Vocabulary

广

广

wide (guang)

世纪

shìjì
century

含蓄

hánxù - implicit

描述

miáoshù
describe

曲调

qǔdiào Melody

幸运

(xìng yùn) lucky

精细

jīngxì
fine, meticulous

造型

model

轻松

qīng sōng - gentle, relaxed

旋律

melody (xuánlǜ)

悠扬

yōuyáng, melodious

标签

biāoqiān
label, tag

举行

jǔ xíng - to hold (a meeting, ceremony)

介绍一种传统艺术

China has many beautiful and ancient art practices; papercutting is one of these.

People use paper and cut beautiful shapes to stick on windows and doors. Usually, the paper is red. Red is a lucky color in China. Papercutting is usually used around Lunar New Year or the Lantern Festival.

Although papercutting looks easy, it is actually very difficult, The cutting hole must be very careful, and the paper can also accidentally rip easily. Everyone uses scissors or small knives to carefully cut the paper into beautiful shapes, like dragons and phoenixes, flowers, zodiac animals, etc. A commonly seen shape is the "Fu" word, flipped around and hung like that. This way is to say "fu" is upside-down, saying that it is in the household.

China has many styles of papercutting. In history, China was once split into many small countries. So, the people of each area developed their own styles of papercutting.

Now, around major holidays, people use paper cuttings to decorate doors and windows. Even though no one in my family knows how to papercut, every year we always buy someone else's paper cuttings or plastic mimicry of paper cuts and stick them on doors and windows to celebrate the New Year.

I believe that papercutting is a very complicated yet beautiful traditional art form, and it is a big portion of China's culture.

介绍一首中国的歌曲

China has many beautiful traditional songs, among which my favorite is the Jiangnan folk song "Jasmine".

Jasmine is a widely sung traditional Chinese folk song with a beautiful and relaxing melody. This song has been popular since the 18th century, during the Qing Dynasty in China. This song describes the beautiful smell of jasmine and people's love for it. It uses a traditional Chinese implicit technique to express people's love and yearning for a better life. The melody of the song Jasmine is melodious and relaxing, catchy when sung, and full of joy and joy. During breaks, everyone likes to sing a few lines to share happiness.

Because the song Jasmine is so popular, it is sung throughout China, and different versions gradually evolved. In the Jiangnan water town where the song originated, the style of the song was gentle and graceful. When it was sung to northern China, the style became warm and lively, reflecting the different styles of the customs and culture of people in various parts of China.

Jasmine is also one of the first Chinese folk songs to be sung abroad. It had been introduced to Britain as early as the 18th century, and was later adapted into the Italian opera Turandot. Jasmine was sung at the handover ceremonies for Hong Kong and Macau when they returned to China and at the opening ceremony of the 2008 Olympic Games in China. The folk song Jasmine has become a traditional Chinese cultural label.

介绍一下一位中国历史上的人

Li Bai was a famous poet in China's Tang Dynasty more than 1,000 years ago. He was also one of the most famous poets in China's thousands of years of history. He was also known as the Immortal of Poetry.

Legend has it that before Li Bai's mother was pregnant, she dreamed of the Taibai Venus entering her belly. Soon after, she became pregnant with Li Bai, so she named Li Bai Bai, with the word Taibai. Li Bai began to read and write at the age of four. When he was fourteen, he was already well-known in his hometown for his good poems. Li Bai has a bold and chivalrous temperament and likes to learn swordsmanship. At the age of twenty-four, he left his hometown and parents to travel to other places.

Li Bai traveled around and met many talented poets but never succeeded. He was once very poor and lived in Chang'an with nothing to do. But Li Bai was talented. He often wrote poems and articles for the emperor, and finally got the emperor's appreciation. When he was 41 years old, he was given an official position by the emperor to write poems. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty liked Li Bai's poems very much and often asked him to write poems for entertainment. However, Li Bai was bohemian by nature and often drunk, so the emperor often failed to find him and offended many people. So he resigned and left Chang'an two years later. Later, when there was a rebellion, Li Bai was also imprisoned. He was not released from prison until he was 59 years old. He died in hardship two years later.

Li Bai was talented and wrote a large number of poems throughout his life, and more than 900 of them have been handed down. Among the representative works are "Will Enter the Wine" and so on. Li Bai's works are colorful, free and unrestrained, completely breaking all the inherent formats of poetry creation, and expressing endless emotions in concise and clear language. Li Bai's poems enabled the creative development of Tang Dynasty poetry and had a profound impact on future generations.

Li Bai has a bold and chivalrous temperament and likes to learn swordsmanship. At the age of twenty-four, he left his hometown and parents to travel to other places.

李白性情豪放狭义，喜欢学习剑术。二十四岁的时候他离开了家乡和父母去他乡游历。

to meet

结识 - jié shí

skill, talent

才华

the king’s appreciation

皇帝的赏识 - shǎng shí

was talented

才华横溢 - cái huá héng yì

Li Bai’s most famous poem

将进酒 - qiāng jìn jǐu

emotion

情感

太极拳

Among China's rich martial arts traditions, Tai Chi is the most famous and popular among the people. It is also a national intangible cultural heritage of China.

The founder of Tai Chi was Zhang Sanfeng, a Wudang Taoist priest in the Yuan Dynasty. Later, it slowly spread in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and was promoted by the martial arts scholar Yang Luchan in the Qing Dynasty. It is said that all the martial arts masters in Beijing at that time challenged him and actually lost to him. The Beijing martial arts community respectfully called him "Yang Wudi".

Tai Chi combines the changes of yin and yang and the five elements with traditional Chinese medicine to form a soft, slow, traditional Chinese martial art that combines hardness and softness.

There are many schools of traditional Tai Chi. Common Tai Chi schools include Chen style, Yang style, Wu style, etc. Each school has similarities and also has its own characteristics. Let a hundred flowers bloom. Tai Chi is a very vital form of Chinese martial arts.

介绍计划生育

Since the founding of China, Chinese culture has evolved from a thousand-year-old traditional culture to a style adapted to the development of modern life. Chinese families have experienced many changes, among which the one that has had the greatest impact on family life may be family planning.

Traditional Chinese culture values ​​​​more children and more blessings. It is believed that the more children a family has, the more prosperous the family will be, and the family will be successful and prosperous. However, after the founding of China, the country was weak and had a large population. China has only 9% of the world's arable land but needs to feed 18% of the world's population. In order to promote the coordinated and sustainable development of population, economy, society, resources and environment, China has implemented family planning since the 1970s, which means that a couple in a family can only have one child, and they should marry and have children as late as possible in order to slow down the population growth.

Family planning has indeed effectively slowed down population growth and provided a boost to China's economic development in the past few decades. But it also has many disadvantages, such as: individual families lose the freedom to have children. With the implementation of family planning, the population has begun to age due to the sharp decline in birth rates over the past few decades. Moreover, due to the traditional cultural influence of favoring sons over daughters, the number of male babies has increased. The birth rate is much higher than that of girls, and the proportion of children born in rural areas is much higher than that in urban areas. These changes will have a long-term negative impact on Chinese society.

计划生育

ji hua sheng yu, child planning/1 child law

颜色

Color has a clear symbolic meaning in traditional Chinese culture. The most common one is red, which represents auspiciousness.

The red complex of the Chinese people is innate, and it flows in the blood of the nation. The Chinese nation are all descendants of Yan and Huang. Emperor Yan, also known as Red Emperor, is the Chinese sun god. This shows that the Chinese nation had a strong "red worship" at the beginning of its founding.

The transformation of this "red worship" into the lives of our ancestors should start from the "New Year". Legend has it that in ancient times, there was a monster called "Nian" who would break into villages and harm people and animals every night on the 30th night of the twelfth lunar month. In order to avoid the attack of "Nian", people had to flee the village and hide in the mountains and forests that night. One year, when people were helping the old and the young to evacuate, an old man with a white beard walked in from the entrance of the village and told everyone not to panic, as he had a way to subdue "Nian". People didn't dare to believe it, so they quickly retreated into the forest. The old man lived in a house, put red paper on the door, lit red lanterns in the house, and waited for the arrival of the "New Year". That night, "New Year" came on time. However, when it saw the red paper posted on the old man's door and the red lanterns lit in the house, it was frightened and ran away in confusion without daring to search for people or animals. On the morning of the first day of the first lunar month, people returned to the village and were greeted by the safe and sound old man. From then on, people no longer need to escape into the mountains and forests to "escape the New Year". Instead, they stick up red paper, light red lanterns, and spend the nights of the "New Year" peacefully, which is called "Chinese New Year". Since then, "red" has been given the meaning of "avoiding evil" and "lucky".

Red also represents success and glory. In Chinese, "red" is often a symbol of success, and a smooth start to your career is called "a good start." People who are appreciated by their superiors are called "red people", famous singers are called "red singers", and people who are very lucky are called "good luck". Red also represents glory. The "Golden List Title" is a red list, and in recognition of advanced figures, a big red flower should be worn.

北京烤鸭

With the spread of Chinese food, my parents took us to taste various styles of Chinese food, among which my favorite was the famous Peking duck.

Authentic Peking duck uses very particular ingredients, and only uses rare varieties of Peking duck. Peking ducks are fattened using a special feeding method, also called "stuffing ducks"

Beijing roast duck has a long history. It is said that in the early years of Ming Dynasty, Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang "roasted a duck during the solar eclipse". When Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty moved the capital from Nanjing to Beijing, he also took a master of Nanjing roast duck with him. Later, roast duck slowly spread from the palace to the people.

In 1864, the most famous "Quanjude" roast duck restaurant in Beijing opened. It was roasted over an open fire and had a special fruity fragrance. It not only made the roast duck fragrant, but also made "Beijing roast duck" replace "Nanjing roast duck". .

Peking duck also tastes very particular. The roast duck is crispy and delicious, tied with plump duck meat slices, and served with shredded green onions and cucumber strips. Use chopsticks to pick up a little sweet sauce, spread it on the lotus leaf cake, put a few slices of roast duck on top, and roll up the lotus leaf cake. It is really delicious. Incomparable.

the guy who moved the capital city peking duck

明太祖(zǔ)朱(zhū)元璋(zhang)

capital city

首都 - shǒu dū

湖南菜

Due to the influence of different climates and products in various places, Chinese cuisine has different characteristics in the selection of ingredients and cooking techniques, forming different schools. Among them, I would like to introduce my father’s hometown cuisine: Xiang cuisine, one of the eight major cuisines.

Xiang cuisine, also called Hunan cuisine, is a local flavor with a long history. Overseas, Hunan cuisine is regarded as one of the representatives of Chinese cuisine [2].

The common flavors of Hunan cuisine are spicy dishes and cured dishes. The first spicy refers to chili pepper. The spicy Chaotian pepper is produced throughout Hunan Province and is the main raw material for making spicy dishes. The second term "cured" refers to bacon. The production of smoked bacon has a long history, especially bacon in the mountainous areas of Hunan is a traditional flavor.

Hunan cuisine has many specialties, such as stinky tofu, crispy chicken, etc. My favorite is Hunan rice noodles. Steam the freshly ground rice milk into vermicelli and cut it into vermicelli, and serve it with various dishes. My favorite is the shredded pork flavor. I eat it every time I go to China.

生效

The Chinese zodiac originates from people's worship of animals in primitive times and is also closely related to the twelve earthly branches. In traditional Chinese concepts, if six kinds of domestic animals such as cattle, sheep, horses, pigs, dogs, and chickens are prosperous, it represents the prosperity of the family and the good fortune of the family.

I was born in 2009 and am born in the year of Ox.

Ox is the symbol of hard work in the zodiac, and it ranks second in the zodiac. Legend has it that the Jade Emperor wanted to choose twelve zodiac animals to protect him, so he let all animals participate in the competition. On the specified day, the first one to reach the heavenly palace was selected as the zodiac animal. On the appointed day, Lao Niu set out early, traveled through mountains and rivers, and arrived at the Heavenly Palace, thinking that he would be the first zodiac sign. Unexpectedly, at this time, a mouse jumped down from its body and immediately ran in front of the old cow, arriving at the Heavenly Palace first. So the Jade Emperor ranked the mouse first in the zodiac, and the old cow was like this Became number two. It turned out that the mouse was opportunistic from the beginning and hid in the mouse's ears. When it was almost over, it rushed out and won the first place. The old cow became the second.

Everyone thinks that people with the zodiac sign Ox are down-to-earth, hard-working, honest, honest, conscientious, down-to-earth and dedicated. People born under the Ox zodiac sign have perseverance, perseverance, dare to endure hardships, are not afraid of difficulties, are stubborn, and will never give up until they achieve their goals.

孔融让梨

Mutual humility is a traditional virtue in China. Kong Rong letting pears is a famous story about humility.

During the Han Dynasty, there was a child named Kong Rong. Kong Rong was smart, diligent and studious since he was a child. One day, a friend of his father came to the house as a guest and brought some pears to the Kong children. His father called Kong Rong over and asked him to share the pears with his brothers. Kong Rong first picked the smallest pear for himself, and then divided the rest of the pears among his elder brothers and younger brothers in order of age. His father asked Kong Rong why he divided the pears like this. Kong Rong said: "My brothers are older than me, so I should give them big pears." His father asked curiously: "But my brothers are younger than you, why do they have pears?" Is it bigger than yours? "Kong Rong said: "It is because my brothers are younger than me, so I should let them go and give them the bigger one." After hearing this, his father nodded with satisfaction.

The story of Kong Rong giving up pears was well-known at that time. Kong Rong’s spirit of humility has been passed down to this day and affects people today.

故宫

The Forbidden City, also known as the Forbidden City, is the imperial palace of China's Ming and Qing dynasties. It is also the largest and most complete ancient building complex in China.

The Forbidden City covers an area of ​​more than 720,000 square meters and has more than 9,000 palaces. They are all wooden structures, with royal glazed tile roofs, blue and white stone bases, and are decorated with colorful paintings. The Forbidden City is surrounded by city walls with a turret at each corner. The outside of the city wall is surrounded by a 52-meter-wide moat.

The buildings of the Forbidden City are divided into outer court and inner court, and their architectural atmospheres are also completely different. The outer court is where the emperor exercises power and holds grand ceremonies. The inner court is where the emperor and his family live.

The Forbidden City is majestic, luxurious and magnificent, and is the essence of ancient Chinese architectural art.

Our family visited the Forbidden City when I was 7 years old. The Forbidden City is very large, and it took us most of the day to visit only the central part of the palace and the back garden. I think people who lived here back then had to spend a lot of time walking every day.

待客风俗

Chinese people are warm and hospitable. When guests come to your home, you must be polite to the guests, otherwise you will be laughed at. When a guest comes in, the host should take the initiative to say hello and ask the guest to sit down. It is impolite to be silent to guests, or just stand and talk without asking them to sit down. After the guests sit down, the host cannot just invite the guests to drink tea without making tea, or only think of making tea after talking for a long time. These are all signs of being unwelcome and disrespectful to guests. When inviting guests to dinner, pay attention to "light tea, full wine, and a full box of cigarettes." That is to say, the tea should be lightly brewed, the wine should be filled to the cup, and the cigarettes should be given to a full box. Pass cigarettes, wine, and tea with both hands, not with one hand. The dishes served to guests should also be in even numbers, which means "good things come in pairs".

The seating arrangement is also very particular. First of all, the direction of the seats should be aligned. The chief seat should always face the door of the house. The main guests should face south and sit on the chief seat. Other seats must also be arranged in a certain order. At a banquet, guests should respect the host and must let the host start eating first. This is what the saying goes: "If the host does not move, the guest will not eat; if the host does not eat, the guest will not drink."

花木兰

Hua Mulan is a heroine in ancient Chinese legends. Her story first appeared in the Northern and Southern Dynasties poem "Mulan Ci". According to legend, in order to fight against the ethnic minorities in the north, the King of Wei conscripted troops nationwide to join the war. So Mulan, the cheerful daughter of the Hua family, disguised herself as a man and secretly embarked on a journey to join the army in place of her father. In the army, Hua Mulan was brave and outstanding in martial arts. She made many military exploits and became a general. After more than ten years of hard fighting, the Northern Wei army finally won. The emperor personally welcomed the returning victorious troops and promoted them to noble ranks. Hua Mulan declined the emperor's kindness and asked to remove her armor and return home. In Hua Mulan's village, every household kills pigs and sheep to welcome the hometown hero back. When the comrades returning home saw Hua Mulan dressed as her daughter again, they were so surprised that they were speechless. From then on, the story of Hua Mulan joining the army on behalf of her father has been passed down. In 1998, Disney in the United States put "Mulan" on the screen, which was loved by children all over the world.

张家界

China has many beautiful mountains and rivers, among which my favorite is Zhangjiajie Forest Park in Hunan Province.

Zhangjiajie in Hunan is China's first national forest park and a world natural heritage certified by the United Nations.

It is very special. There are many very high, thin and steep rocky peaks in the park. From a distance, they look like rocky forests in the mist. There are also rivers and canyons in the park. We sat on the slide built along the hillside and slid from the mountain to the river in the valley. This was a very interesting experience.

There is also a high mountain in the park that has been corroded by wind and rain into the shape of a natural gate. Everyone calls it "Tianmen Mountain". Adventurers often try to fly a small plane through the Tianmen to challenge it.

Due to the unique scenery of Zhangjiajie Forest Park, the inspiration for the alien forest in the Hollywood movie "Avatar" also came from here.

Touring Zhangjiajie is very difficult because of the high mountains, but it is still a very amazing experience.

造纸术

There were many important inventions in ancient China, and papermaking was one of the most famous.

Before paper was invented, people all over the world used different methods to record events. For example, the ancient Indians used leaves, the ancient Babylonians used mud bricks, and the ancient Romans used

Human wax plates, etc. In ancient China, characters were carved on oracle bones. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun summed up the experience of his predecessors and invented papermaking.

He used bark, hemp heads, rags, old fishing nets and other raw materials, boiled them, ground them into pulp, spread them on stone slabs and dried them in the sun to make paper. Invented by Cai Lun

Paper, there are many raw materials that can be used, it is easy to find, low cost, high quality, very popular, and slowly everyone starts to use this method of papermaking. And it spread to North Korea, Vietnam and Japan, and later to Egypt and Europe.

The invention and use of paper played a very important role in recording history and exchanging cultural ideas, and made a huge contribution to the development of human civilization.

Filial Piety Piece

Filial piety and gratitude are the basic elements of the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation. Filial piety, simply put, means treating your parents well. Gratitude, simply put, means gratitude to parents. Broadly speaking, it means gratitude to nature, society, and all the people who have helped me. Therefore, China's filial piety culture includes respecting parents, having offspring. It is a cultural system from the individual to the whole, cultivating oneself, managing the family, governing the country, and bringing peace to the world.

China's filial piety culture has a long history. As early as the Yao and Shun period, Shun was discovered and trained as his successor by Emperor Yao because he was filial and kind to his parents. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius wrote a famous book called "The Classic of Filial Piety" that has been passed down for generations and has been regarded as the standard for thousands of years. From emperors and generals to ordinary people, they all believe in it.

Confucius proposed that filial piety is not a choice, but something that must be done. "Filial piety comes first among all good deeds." The culture of filial piety is the foundation of Confucianism and the basic culture of traditional Chinese culture.

In traditional Chinese society, Confucianism has always regarded filial piety and gratitude as the basis of being a human being and an important means of maintaining social relations and political rule. " is the starting point of "cultivating one's moral character, managing one's family, governing the country, and bringing peace to the world", making the moral norms of filial piety and gratitude a universal code of conduct in society and a basic content of social education.

孝与感恩

Filial Piety & gratitude - Xiao Yu Gan En

文化本系

wén huà běn xì - cultural system

善待

shàn dài - respecting

感激

gǎn jī - appreciate

广义说

guǎng yì shuō - in a broad sense

孝道

filial piety

包括

bāo kuò - including

What does 孝道 include?

敬仰父母，生育后代

孝道是一个…

有个提到整体，修身，齐家，治国，平天下的文化本系。

When did 孝与感恩 begin? Discuss its origins.

尧舜时期。舜就是因为孝顺善待父母才被尧帝发现培养为接班人。

Explain how 孝顺 continued.

在春秋时期，孔子曾写了一本著名的书《孝经》，千百年来被视作标准，上至帝王将相，下至平民百姓，都对它非常信奉。

Confucianism

孔子提出孝不是选择，而是必须要做到的事情。孝道文化是儒家思想的根本，是中国传统文化的基本文化。

Filial piety closing paragraph

李白才华横溢，一生写了大量诗作，流传下来的也有900多首。其中的代表作有《将进酒》等。李白的作品丰富多彩，自由奔放，完全打破诗歌创作的一切固有格式，用简洁明快的语言表达出无尽的情思。李白的诗歌使唐朝诗词得到了创造性的发展，对后代产生了极为深远的影响。

巴比伦人

Babylonians - bā bǐ lún

Tree bark

树皮

Hemp heads

麻头

rags

破布

Old fishing nets

旧的渔网

boiled until soft

煮烂

family planning

计划生育

freedom

自由

Martial arts Taoist priest

武当道士 - wǔ dāng dào shì

Inventor of Tai Chi

张三丰

When tai chi was invented

元朝

When Yang LuChan continued Tai Chi

清朝

inventor

创始人

Guy who continued Tai Chi in Qing Dynasty

杨露禅 - yáng lù chán

What Tai chi combines

阴阳五行变化和中医

What tai chi becomes

一种柔(róu)和，缓慢，刚柔相济(jì)的中国传统武术

challenge

挑战 - tiǎo zhàn

school/style

流派 - líu pài

Tai Chi styles

陈(chén)式，杨(yáng)式，武(wǔ)式

landmass

耕地 - gēng dì

not only

不仅-bù jǐn

Red Emperor

炎(yàn)帝 —》赤(chì)帝—》红帝

offspring/relatives

子孙

worship

崇拜 - chóng bài

work for the emperor/promoted

归(guī)来

The door mountain

天门山