The United States P3 AP World History

causes of revolution in US

well-read, well-connected - understood enlightenment ideals

enlightenment ideals reflected their situation and how they were ruled

taxed w/o representation - recent british control, superiority complex + economic anger

sons of liberty

sons of liberty

angry abt taxation - Boston Tea Party

July 4th 1776 - Declaration of Independence (ideas of enlightenment)

Expansion of rights for white men in US

after war - 1783

white, male, property-owning men can vote

1820s/30s - Andrew Jackson expands vote to all men

no suffrage for women, slaves, native americans

cult of domesticity

cult of domesticity

emphasized role of women to stay at home

not enough time, domestic chores + lack of democracy

upper class works to make reforms

working class - supports upper class but doesnt have time to participate bc of work

expand enlightenment to give women suffrage

attempts to expand rights for women

Seneca Falls, NY (1848) Declaration of sentiments

modeled after declaration of independence

• gathers big support BUT NOT FROM MEN (who hold the power)

• fails BUT groundwork has been laid

reform movements

reform movements

public education

temperance

asylum reform (prisons, juvenile)

abolition movement

African americans causes of slavery

triangular trade, tobacco, cotoon (post inudstry)

type of work for African americans in north

textile mills + industrialization - low wage labor

type of work for African americans in south

agricultural - slave labor

resistance to slavery

break tools, act dumb, work slow, escape

maroon communities - short lived in places and escape

underground railroad - trail of safe houses (Canda-Mexico)

• major risk to work - women heavily involved

Nat turners rebellion

nat turners rebellion

1831

revolt - slaves kill slave owners

fails BUT is symbolic for abolition

Civil war abolition movement

women were leaders, many men joined

northern enlightenment ideals - should include ALL men

hard for 2 americas to coexist -

• economic - industrial vs agrarian

• political - enlightenment vs control

1861 civil war erupts

north vs south

president Lincoln - Emancipation proclamation (1863)

• “end” slavery gradually - get ball rolling

• juneteenth

• turns tide of the war - rallying ppl - more like a promise if not functional

reconstruction

reconstruction

1865 - 1877

rebuild South in more enlightened way

lift up african americans w/ amendments (13th, 14th, 15th)

southern redemption

southern redemption

1876 - 1900

southern governments strip away protections because angry after loss of war

white southern men have power -

• block black ppl voting (poll taxes, literacy tests, threats)

• terrorist organizations (KKK, White League)

  • white supremacists

  • attack/harm black businesses, family, etc

life in south (economics)

sharecropping + tenant farming - de facto slavery (no legal name of slavery, kinda covers it up)

• can only do this as a free person

black codes - strict rules limiting freedoms for african americans

• can be arrested —> sent to labor —> cycle of poverty

Jim crow laws

jim crow laws

segregation - bathrooms, water fountains, trains, schools, restaurants, theaters

SCOTUS approve bc still “equal” just separated

plessy v ferguson - separate but equal…. separate was never equal

economy in north (industrialization)

big/expanding (land and population)

resource rich - coal, grain, timber, minerals

1860s - transcontinental railroad - connection

immigration - cheap + plentiful labor source

• language doesnt matter - need working body

strong central gov post civil war

strong central government post civil war

north passes laws - helps industrialization

tariffs - imports more $$

priv property laws - allow for investments, risk, growth

economy + urbanization

development of corporations - stocks + shares

NYSE - central location

the gold standard - money backed by ACTUAL gold —> money has more value —> creates more investment

urbanization

workers wanna be close to factories

pollution, waste

crowded housing - tenements

low wages —> poverty —> crime

immigration

push factors: high taxes in europe, revolutions (1848), pogroms

pull factors: bill of rights, jobs in US, tax benefits, job opportunities

migration transition theory - young adult men migrate, or chain migration, or enclaves move

nativism + xenophobia

americans become distrustful

race, fear, economic crime, other differences

Chinese exclusion act (1882) - ban chinese immigration

No nothing party - white british accepted - everyone else unacceptable

corporations

corporate consolidation thru competition

Robber baron/captain of industry

• try to put everyone else out of business

• BUT also innovating - new buildings

• carnegie, rockerfeller

• heavy gov influence

unions in US

workers - wealth gap, poverty + bad conditions —>

unions - strikes

• great railroad strike - 100s killed - EVENTUALLY effective to have unions

workers

they become more radicalized

political parties:

Socialist

• gov should run necessary enterprises (schools, hospitals)

Communist

• workers will take control + nationalize all empires

Anarchist

• the rich and powerful will always take over, so eliminate government

reforms in US

unions, strikes, socialism all help move the needle

government will step in to avoid rebellion

won’t give up on democracy

limits on child labor, more public school, temperance

trust busting - policies that prevent corporations from forming powerful trusts

trust busting

policies that prevent corporations from forming powerful trusts

US expansion

1803- Louisiana purchase from Napoleon - doubled size of US, farmers keep moving west

1840s - Manifest Destiny - god wants us to expand

• Texas declare itself free from mexico (1836)

• Mexico frees California from spain (1820s)

• Mexican american war (1846 -48)

• Mexican cession, oregon trail, etc

US + Native american clashes

US campaign to kill/relocate native americans

attempts at peaceful coexistence

• Cherokee - blends, assimilate w/ written language, constitution, slaves

• find gold - gold rush, cherokee sue to keep land

Trail of Tears

Indian Wars

GHOST DANCE MOVEMENT

Trail of tears

Andrew Jackson - most responsible for “genocide”

relocate native americans to Oklahoma

1000+ die

Indian wars

whites - guns + numbers + deception

comache - powerful force in Texas

1890s reservations

undesirable land given to natives, bad conditions, no service

Ghost Dance Movement

ancestor veneration/animist

time to rise up - will be protected

attacked + killed by white men

Spanish American War causes

desire for new materials + markets

national darwinism - nations compete for survival

Jingoism - “Keeping up with Joness”

Spanish American War Result

American wins colonies

• Puerto Rico, Philippines, Guam

• “white man’s burden” - should help others

Latin American Involvement

Monroe Doctrine - keep europe out

Roosevelt corollary to the Monroe doctrine

• If europe interfere in Latin america, we get to go in first

A man a plan a canal panama

US want faster way from atlantic to pacific

columbia wont sell land—> US stage revolution, take the land

US In latin america

reasons: bc of military, business, diplomacy, resources

Transnational corporations

unified fruit company

buy plantations, low wages, sell goods at home, sell back to latin american country

some latin americans rise up - US sends military to stop rebellions

US install dictators who cooperate with economic interests