2.1.4 - Reconstructive Memory

Who formed this theory?

Bartlett

Define Reconstructive Memory?

Active process where we rebuild events each time we recall them and use existing knowledge to fill in the gap

What is the Schema Theory?

Mental frameworks that occurs during experience - helps understand info

• Fills in gaps in our memory

What was the aim of Bartlett’s Research War of Ghosts?

• How cultural schemas could affect memory

What was the procedure?

• Used British PP

• Made them read a Native American Story

• Asked to recall it immediately and after delay whether after days / months

What were the results of this study?

• Story was shortened

• Supernatural parts were Westernised

• Unfamiliar parts were changed so its more logical to them

What was the conclusion for this theory?

Memory is reconstructed and influenced on the schemas especially cultural

Evaluate: Two strengths and weaknesses?

Strengths:

• Influential understanding to eyewitness testimonies

• Explains cultures effects on memory

Weaknesses:

• Lack of control hard to replicate = lacks reliability

• Small/ unrepresentative sample