Amino Acid Catabolism and Anabolism
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30 Terms
Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of a-KG → Glutamate?
Glutamate Dehydrogenase
Which enzyme catalyzes the simultaneous conversion of glutamate → a-KG and an a-keto acid → a-amino acid?
Transanimase
Which enzyme catalyzes the conversion of Glutamate to Glutamine?
Glutamine synthetase
What is the rate limiting step for glutamine biosynthesis?
Glutamine synthetase
What enzyme converts Glutamine → glutamate?
Glutaminase
How is NH4 transported to the liver for the urea cycle?
by glutamine or by the glucose alanine cycle
Where does the first step of the urea cycle take place?
the mitochondria
Where does the second step of the urea cycle takes place?
the mitochondria
Where does the third step of the urea cycle takes place?
the cytosol
Where does the fourth step of the urea cycle take place?
the cytosol
Where does the final step of the urea cycle take place?
the cytosol
What is the first step of the urea cycle?
conversion of NH4+ → carbomyl phosphate
What enzyme catalyzes the conversion of NH4+ → carbomyl phosphate?
CPS 1
What is the rate limiting step of the urea cycle?
conversion of NH4+ → carbomyl phosphate
What is the rate limiting enzyme of the urea cycle?
CPS 1
What cofactor is required for CPS 1 activity?
N-aceytlglutamate
Under what conditions is N-acetylglutamate synthesized?
When proteins are abundant
Is N-acetylglutamate required for CPS 2 activity?
no
What is the second step of the urea cycle?
conversion of carbomyl phosphate → citrulline
What molecule is needed for the conversion of carbomyl phosphate → citrulline?
ornithine
What enzyme catalyzes the conversion of carbomyl phosphate → citrulline?
Ornithine transcarbamolyase
What is the third step of the urea cycle?
conversion of citrulline → argininiosuccinate
What amino acid is needed for the conversion of citrulline → argininiosuccinate?
Aspartate
What enzyme converts citrulline → argininiosuccinate?
argininosuccinate synthetase
What is the fourth step of the urea cycle?
conversion of argininosuccinate → arginine
What enzyme is responsible for the conversion of argininosuccinate → arginine?
arginino succinate
What is the final step of the urea cycle?
conversion of arginine → ornithine
What enzyme converts arginine → ornithine?
arginine
What is regenerated at the end of the urea cycle?
ornithine