Speech Pathology

Licensure

granted by state to allow practice of a position

Certification

Product offered by an outside organization

Accreditation

Assurance a program meets specific quality standards

What is 1

frontal lobe

What is 2

parietal lobe

What is 3

temporal lobe

What is 4

occipital lobe

At what age does canonical babbling typically begin, and why is its onset clinically significant?

6–8 months; predicts first words and later vocabulary size

What is the difference between “speech” and “language,” and why does that distinction matter?

Speech is about sounds; language is about meaning and structure

Which of the following best shows how gesture supports preverbal language learning?

A parent points to an object while labeling it

Which of the following describes “protowords”?

Transitional forms, consistently used for objects but not real words

What happens to infants’ ability to perceive phonemes between 3–12 months?

They lose sensitivity to non-native contrasts while tuning to native ones

12-14 months

1st words

18-20 months

50 words

24-27 months

2 word combinations

36 months

3 word sentences

What are the three anatomy components required for speech?

Respiratory system, larynx, and upper and nasal airways.

This is the term used as a general cover term for phonation

voice

T or F: The articulators (lips, tongue, velum/soft palate) do not impact the speech sounds.

false

Sounds produced with an open vowel tract are known as

vowels

Sounds produced by restricting airflow in some way are known as

consonants

What is its Role in Speech Production: Respiratory

power supply

What is its Role in Speech Production: Phonatory/Laryngeal

vibrations

What is its Role in Speech Production: Articulation

shaping sounds

What is its Role in Speech Production: Resonance

changes quality

Target word = dog. Child's production = "daw"

final consonant deletion

Target word = stop. Child's production = "top"

cluster reduction

Target word = sun. Child's production = "tun"

stopping of fricatives

Target word = banana. Child's production = "nana"

weak syllable deletion

Target word = ring. Child's production = "wing"

gliding of liquids

Acoustic energy to mechanical energy

tympanic membrane

Mechanical energy to hydraulic energy

oval window

Hydraulic energy to electrochemcial energy

basilar membrane

Where do you find high frequency sounds on along the basliar membrane?

at the base, near the oval window

What are two important functions of the bones of the middle ear (the ossicular chain)?

intensify the sound, transmit sound from tympanic membrane to oval window