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List four ways that poisoning can be caused.
Ingesting substances, inhaling poisonous gases, injecting substances, or contacting the skin with poison.
What is the first thing to do when a victim swallows a poison?
Call a poison control center or physician. If a poison control center cannot be reached, call emergency medical services.
List two ways to induce vomiting.
Tickle the back of victim’s throat or give victim warm saltwater to drink.
Why is activated charcoal used after a poisoning victim vomits?
Activated charcoal binds to the poison and does not absorb into the body.
List four types of poison victims in whom vomiting should not be induced.
Unconscious victims, victims who are convulsing, victims who have burns on the lips and mouth, victims who have consumed acid and alkhali, and victims who have swallowed petroleum products.
List five signs of an allergic reaction to an injected poison.
Swelling at the site, itching, hives, pain, and swelling of the throat.
What is the main treatment for superficial and mild partial-thickness burns?
Cooling the area by flushing it with water and applying a sterile dressing after blotting the area dry.
Why is a sterile dressing applied to a burn?
Sterile dressing is applied to a burn to prevent infection.
How should severe partial-thickness or full-thickness burns be treated?
Treat with thick, sterile dressings. Artificial respiration and shock treatment should be provided if necessary.
Why is shock frequently noted in victims with severe burns?
Loss of body fluids can occur very quickly with severe burns.
List six signs or symptoms of heat exhaustion.
Pale and clammy skin, profuse perspiration, fatigue or tiredness, weakness, muscle cramps, and nausea.
List three signs or symptoms of heat stroke.
High body temperature, rapid pulse, red/hot/dry skin.
List three first aid treatments for heat stroke.
Victim should be placed in a tub of cool water, skin should be sponged with cool water, and ice/cold packs are placed on victim’s wrists, ankles, armpit area, and groin.