TRANSFER CONTROL PROTOCOL/INTERNET PROTOCOL

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to Data Communications and Networking, specifically focusing on the TCP/IP and OSI models.

TCP/IP

a fundamental suite of communication protocols used on the Internet.

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

TCP/IP

Network Control Protocol (NCP)

protocol used to connect the IMP of UCLA and SRI in the ARPANET.

Interface Message Processor

meaning of IMP

Application, Transport, Internet, Network Access

Layers of original TCP/IP

Application, Transport, Network, Data link, Physical Layer

layers of updated TCP/IP

OSI Model

a conceptual framework used to understand and implement networking protocols in seven layers.

Open Systems Interconnection Model

OSI Model

ARPANET

the first network to implement TCP/IP.

Network Control Protocol (NCP)

An early protocol used in ARPANET before TCP/IP.

Encapsulation

The process of wrapping data with protocol information at each layer of the OSI model.

Decapsulation

The reverse process of encapsulation, where the data is retrieved from the protocol wrappers.

Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data link, Physical

layers of OSI

Application Layer

The OSI layer that provides services to applications, such as HTTP, FTP, and SMTP.

Presentation Layer

The OSI layer that handles data representation, encryption, decryption, and compression.

Session Layer

The OSI layer that establishes, maintains, and ends communication between applications.

Transport Layer

The OSI layer providing reliable end-to-end communication and data transmission.

TCP

connection oriented and ensures that all data is received correctly

Transmission Control Protocol

meaning of TCP

UDP

connection is less but faster and less reliable.

User Datagram Protocol

meaning of UDP

Network Layer

The OSI layer that determines the best path for data to travel across the network.

Data Link Layer

The OSI layer that facilitates reliable data transmission between devices on a local area network.

Physical Layer

The OSI layer responsible for the physical transmission of data over the medium.

PDU

a unit of data specified by a protocol at each layer of the OSI Model.

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

A protocol used for transferring hypertext requests and information on the Internet.

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

A standard network protocol for the transfer of files between a client and server.

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

An Internet standard for email transmission.

Flow Control

The process of managing the rate of data transmission between two entities to prevent overwhelming a receiver.

Logical Addressing

The assignment of IP addresses which allows devices on a network to identify each other.

Packet Fragmentation

The process of breaking packets into smaller pieces to accommodate transmission over networks.