AP® Human Geography Study Guide Unit Two: Population and Migration Patterns and Processes

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts related to population and migration processes as outlined in the AP® Human Geography lecture notes.

Demographic Transition Model (DTM)

A five-stage model that illustrates changes in birth and death rates and the causes and consequences of these demographic conditions.

Ecumene

The portion of Earth that is occupied by permanent human settlements.

Carrying Capacity

The ability of an environment to support human life.

Arithmetic Density

The number of people living per unit area of land.

Physiological Density

The number of people per unit of arable land.

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

The number of live births per 1,000 people per year.

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

The number of deaths per 1,000 people per year.

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)

The number of deaths of infants under one year old per 1,000 live births.

Dependency Ratio

The ratio of non-working population (dependents) to working population.

Pro-natalist Policies

Policies designed to encourage more births.

Anti-natalist Policies

Policies designed to discourage births.

Migration

The permanent movement of people to a new location.

Push Factor

A reason for someone to leave their home country.

Pull Factor

A reason for someone to move to a new location.

Forced Migration

Migration that occurs when individuals are compelled to move against their will.

Ravenstein's Laws of Migration

The principles established by Ernst Ravenstein regarding patterns and trends of migration.