Movements of Solutes in a Solution and Examples of Osmosis(CH 5)

Diffusion

• substances move from high concentration to a lower one

• movement down the concentration gradient

• no energy input needed for movement

As a sugar cub dissolves in water, sugar molecules move from high sugar sugar cube to low sugar water

Diffusion

Equilibrium

Sugar molecules are evenly distributed throughout the beaker

Osmosis

• the diffusion of water

• water moves from a high concentration to a lower one

• no energy input needed

Concentration

• amount of solute in a certain vol

% solution

• # g solute in final volume of 100 mL

Concentration of Solute- higher concentration of water

Concentrated solution

high solute/ low water

Dilute solution

lower solute/ high water

Hypotonic (plants vs animals)

• low salt

• cell will burst in animal cells 

• cell does not burst in plant cells

Hypertonic

• high salt

• water moves out of the cell and it shrivels up

Dialysis tubing

• semipermeable membrane

• small molecules (water, salt, ions) can pass through the membrane 

• cellulose tube with tiny pores in it