B2 - Phrasal Verbs / Vocabulary / Expresiones

Phrasal Verbs / Vocabulary / Expresiones

**Provided (that)…**

**Siempre que…**

Se utiliza en las condicionales, en vez de poner “If”

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*You will obtain the job provided that you don’t make any mistakes*

**To snatch** \[sth\]

Arrebatar

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*My sister snatched the ball from my hands*

**Go sightseeing**

Hacer turismo / viajar

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*Bilbao becomes the  ideal place to go sightseeing*

**Take over**

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**Take after**

Hacerse cargo / Encargarse

*Take over the meeting for me*

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Parecerse / Perseguir

*People say that Maria takes after her grandmother*

**Blow out** \[sth\]

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**Blow** \[sb\] **out**

Apagar soplando

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Rechazar a alguien

Blow up \[sth\]

Inflar / Explotar

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*Karen blew up the airbed*

**Aisle**

Pasillo

**Send out** \[sth\]

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**Send off** \[sth\]

Enviar (por correo / mail) general (send …)

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Enviar algo a alguien concreto / Enviar a alguien (send …)

**Walk down**

Bajar por / caminar por

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*Walk down Blasco Ibañez Street*

* First conditional
* Second conditional
* Third conditional
* Mixed conditional

* IF + Present simple + WILL + Infinitive
* If it __rains__, I **will** __stay__ at home
* IF + Past simple + WOULD + Infinitive
* If I __won__ the lotery, I **would** __travel__
* IF + Past perfect + WOULD HAVE + 3º column
* If I __had passed__ my exam, I **would have** __bougth__ a car
* IF + Past perfect + WOULD + Infinitive (por ejemplo)
* If I had wun the lotery, I wouldn’t be so nice

**Turn to be**

**Turn out** (to be)

Resultar ser (con el tiempo)

Resultar ser / Convertirse en

**Cut down**

Reducir el consumo

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*You should cut down on alcohol*

**Dress up**

Vestirse de gala / vestirse elegante

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*The actress loves dressing up for film*

**Keep up with**

Seguir el ritmo

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*The woman struggled to keep up with her agile daughter*

**Pull on**

Ponerse (ropa) (**Slip on** (rápidamente) = informal)

*Pull on a sweater*

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Tirar de

*The boy pulled on his mother’s arm*

**Save up**

Ahorrar

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*I am trying to save up for a car*

**Stand out**

Resaltar

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*Of all the applicants for the job, there was one who really stood out.*

**Take back**

Retirar / Recuperar

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*I wish I could take back what I said*

*I wish I could take back my champion title*

* **Go up**
* **Go on**
* **Go for**
* **Go back**
* **Go over**
* **Go ahead**

* Subir / Aumentar
* Continuar
* Escoger *(I am going for the blue car)*
* Volver / Regresar
* Cruzar / Analizar / Caer (bien “figurado y informal”)
* Avanzar / Llevar a cabo *(the meeting will go ahead)*

**Brochure**

Folleto

Prestar …

Tomar prestado …

**Lend**

**Borrow**

Be responsable…

Responsable **FOR**

Have a solution…

Solution **FOR**

Be good…

Good **AT**

Increase…

Increase **IN**

Have difficulty…

Difficulty **IN**

Be disappointed…

Disa**pp**ointed **WITH**

**Come up with**

Elaborar

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*I will have to come up with a plan*

**Don’t see eye to eye with** \[sb\]

No estar de acuerdo con alguien

* **Flu**
* **Sweat**
* **Plaster**
* **Bruise**
* **Cold**
* **Caugh**

* Gripe
* Sudor
* Escayola
* Moratón
* Catarro
* Tos

**Tell off**

Regañar (tell …)

**Send off**

Despedir (send …)

**Show off**

Presumir (show …)

**Cut down**

**Cut off**

**Cut out**

Reducir (cut …)

Desconectar (línea telefonica) (cut …)

Cortar *carretera* (cut …)

**Keen on**

Estar interesado en algo (keen …)

**Feel homesick**

Sentir morriña

**Turn down**

Rechazar / Bajar (turn …)

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*The bank turned down my application*

**Let off**

Dejar ir sin culpar = Absolver (let …)

**Wear off**

Efecto de disminuir (wear ..)

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*The pain effects of the aspirin would wear off after just an hour*

**Come off**

Tener exito / Salir (bien o mal) (come …)

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*I thought your class presentation came off really well*

* **Tell off**
* **Let off**
* **Show off**
* **Send off**
* **Break off**
* **Call off**
* **Cut off**
* **Wear off**
* **Log off**
* **Come off**

* Reñir (tell …)
* Absolver (let …)
* Presumir (show …)
* Enviar a alguien / algo a alguien (send …)
* Terminar la relación (break …)
* Cancelar (call …)
* Desconectar (electricidad) (cut …)
* Disminuir el efecto / Desaparecer (wear …)
* Cerrar sesión (log …)
* Salir bien/mal (come …)

__Formal__: They are redecorating the hall **IN WHICH** the concert will take place.

→ Informal?

__Informal__: They are redecorating the hall the concert will take place **IN**.

→ Formal?

__Formal__: That is the person **TO WHOM** I spoke on the phone

→ Informal?

__Informal__: That is the person I spoke **TO** on the phone

→ Formal?

**Deal**

Trato

Invest …

Invest **IN**

**In the hope**

Con la esperanza

**Can’t stand + ING**

No soportar (+? to/ing)

**Can’t help + ING**

No poder evitar (+? to/ing)

**Can’t affor + TO**

No poder permitirse (+? to/ing)

**Spend + ING**

*I spent ages gett****ing***…

**Looking forward TO + ING**

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*I was looking forward* ***to*** *visit****ing*** *Bilbao*

Tener muchas ganas de + ?

**Had better + INFINITIVE**

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*You had better discuss this tomorrow*

Sería mejor que +?

Benefit…

Benefit **FROM**

* Good idea → Should →
* Advisable →
* Be allowed → Permitted →
* Be necessary →
* Prohibited →

* **Ought to →**
* **Had better →**
* **Can →**
* **Have to →**
* **Mustn’t** **→**

* **Needn’t have to**
* **Don’t need TO**
* **Didn’t need TO**
* **Needn’t +** ~~**O**~~

* No tenia que haberlo hecho (pero lo hizo)
* No tenemos que hacerlo (no sabemos si se hizo o no)
* No teniamos que hacerlo (no sabemos si se hizo o no)
* No tenemos/necesitamos hacerlo

__Inversiones__

**Not until** I asked Harry **DID** I realised this

**No sooner** had I been fired **THAT** the company went bankrupt

**Hardly** had I been fired **WHEN** the company went bankrups

I realised this when I asked Harry (use: **until**)

The company went bankrupt as soon as I had been fired (use: **that**)

The company went bankrupt as soon as I had been fired (use: **when**)

__It-clauses__

**IT WAS** to show how much I cared for her **THAT** I bought a necklace

I bought her a necklace to show how much I cared for her (use: **it**)

__What-clauses__

**WHAT** we gave them **WAS** a cke

**WHAT** he did **WAS** to call his mom

We gave them a cake (use: **what**)

He called her mom (use: **what**)

Promised +?

Promised **TO**

Insist … +?

Insist **ON** + ING

Accuse \[sb\] … \[sth\]/?

Accuse \[sb\] **OF DOING**\[sth\]/\[sth\]

Admitted +?

Admitted + **ING**

Warned \[sb\] +?

Invited \[sb\] +?

Urged +?

Warned \[sb\] + **TO**

Invited \[sb\] + **TO**

Urged + **TO**

Apologised… +?

Apologised **FOR + ING**

**Set up**

Establecer / Empezar un negocio

**Take up**

**Take on**

**Take out**

Comenzar \[sth un hobbie\] (take…)

Contratar

Sacar / Extraer

Rather…

Rather ~~**O**~~ **DO** \[sth\] **THAN DO** \[sth\]

**Put off**

Posponer

**Beg - beggar**

**To busk**

**Famine**

Pedir - Persona que pide

Actuar en la calle

Hambruna

**Be out of** \[sth\]

**Run out of** \[sth\]

No queda \[sth\]

*We are out o coffe*

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Casi no queda \[sth\]

*We are running out of coffe*

**Hang on / Hold on**

Esperar un momento

**Put** \[sb\] **through** \[sth\]

Pasar algo a alguien / Pasar a alguien con algo

*Put me through to sales department*

**Bargain**

**On-off**

**Be spoilt for choice**

**Value for money**

Ganga

Única oportunidad en la vida

Tener muchas opciones

Buena calidad-precio

**Tell** \[sb\] **TO DO** \[sth\]

**Ask** \[sb\] **TO DO** \[sth\]

**Make** \[sb\] ~~**o**~~ **DO** \[sth\]

**Let** \[sb\] ~~**o**~~ **DO** \[sth\]

**Passive: Made + TO**

* *His mum made him clean his football boots (active)*
* *He was made* ***to*** *clean his football boots (passive)*

**Trip over**

Tropezar (trip…)

**On time**

**In time**

Puntual

Antes de que llegue la hora

Get inspiration…

Get inspiration **FROM**

* **Used to** (soler)
* **Get used to** (acostumbrarse)
* **Be used to** (estar acostumbrado)

* Used to + **INFINITIVE** → Did use to + INF
* Get used to + **ING →** Getting used to \[sth\] / I get used to watching TV at night
* Be used to + **ING →** I am used to driving on the left

**Pursuit**

Persecución

**Put up with [sth]**

Soportar (put…)

**Wish** (deso/arrepentimiento)

→ Pasado/Presente/Futuro

__**WISH**__

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__Pasado__: Wish + **Past perfect**

*I wish I had studied harder*

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__Presente__: Wish + **Past simple**

*I wish I arrived earlier*

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__Futuro__: Wish + **Could/Would**

*I wish I could go on vacation*

**Get on with**

Avanzar / Llevarse bien con alguien (get…)

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*Let's get on with the meeting*

*I get on well with my colleagues*

**Carry around**

**Carry off**

Llevar algo contigo de forma habitual (carry…)

*He always carries around a notebook*

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Obtener un resultado exitoso (carry…)

*She carried off the award for Best Actress*

Unlikely +?

Unlikely **TO DO** / That \[sth\]

Apply…

Apply **FOR**

**Amused**

Divertido

**Put up**

**Put [sb] up**

Colocar algo en su sitio (put…) / Construir

*Can you put up the picture on the wall?*

*The scouts put up their tent* 

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Dar alojamiento a alguien (put…)

*I'll put you up for the weekend*

…? your advise

* Follow
* Take
* Give

**TAKE** your advise

Be unaware…

**OF** \[sth\] → No ser consciente de algo

**AT** → …the time that… (*cuidado*!!)

In case + oración completa

In case **OF** + \[sth\]

In case…

**Give up**

Renunciar (give …)

**Come across**

**Come into**

Encontrar \[sth\]/\[sb\] (come…)

Entrar

**If only** (si tan solo)

→ Pasado/Presente/Futuro

__**IF ONLY**__ Es igual que conjugar las __condicionales__

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__Pasado__: If only+ **Past perfect**

*If only she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam*

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__Presente__: If only+ **Past simple**

*If only I had more time, I could travel the world*

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__Futuro__: If only+ **Could/Would** (,+ Could/Would)

*If only it would stop raining, we could go for a walk*

See any point…

See any point **IN**

No ver sentido a hacer algo

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*Do you see any point in continuing this project?*

**Prevent** \[sb\] **DOING** \[sth\] \n **Prevent** \[sb\] **FROM DOING** \[sth\]

Impedir que alguien haga algo (prevent …)

Do you **mind** + ING

Do you **mind** + If … (oracioón completa)

**Mind** +?

**To bear**

Soportar

**Approach**

Aproximarse

**Keep out**

No (dejar) entrar (keep…)

“Feel sick … nerves“

“Feel sick **WITH** nerves“

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Expresión que define un estado de nerviosismo