Unit 2: Migration

2nd Half of Unit 2 in CED

Migration

a type of relocation diffusion that is a permanent move to a new location

Mobility

movement from one place to another

Circulation

short-term repetitive, cyclical and periodic movements. Ex: college students, farm workers, or even going to work/school daily

Emigration

migration from a location (out)

Immigration

migration to a location (in)

Net Migration

the difference between the level of immigration and the level of emigration

International migration

the permanent move from one country to another

Migration transition

consists of changes in a society comparable to those in the demographic transition (i.e. as societies develop migration patterns change)

Voluntary Migration

movement in which people relocate in response to perceived opportunity; often economic, sometimes environmental

Forced Migration

movement in which people have been compelled to relocate; often cultural, political or environmental factors

Internal migration

movement within the same country

Interregional migration

movement from one region of a country to another; often rural to urban

Intraregional migration

movement within one region; often within urban areas

Counterurbanization

net migration from urban to rural areas in more developed countries

Ravenstein ("laws of migration")

an explanation of the reasons why migrants move, the characteristics of migrants, and the distance migrants typically move

Push factor

a negative reason that induces people to leave their present location

Pull factor

a positive reason that induces people to move to a new location

Refugee

a person who has been forced to flee his or her country because of persecution, war, or violence

Internally Displaced Person (IDP)

a person who has been forced from their home but remains in their own country

Asylum Seeker

a person who has left their country of origin and formally applied for sanctuary in another country but whose application has not yet been concluded

Floodplain

an area subject to flooding based on historical trends

Desertification

the gradual transformation of habitable land into desert

Intervening obstacle

an environmental or cultural feature that hinders migration

Remittance

the transfer of money by workers to people in the country from which they emigrated

Unauthorized Immigrant

an academic observer's term for a person who enters a country without proper documents to do so

Undocumented Immigrant

a term preferred by advocate groups for a person who enters a country without proper documents to do so

Illegal Alien

a term used by groups who favor tough immigration restrictions for a person who enters a country without proper documents to do so

Quotas

in reference to migration, laws that place maximum limits on the number of people who can immigrate to that country each year

Brain Drain

the loss of highly educated and skilled workers to other countries

Chain Migration

migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there

Guest Worker

a foreign laborer living and working temporarily in another country

Circular Migration

the temporary movement of a migrant worker between home and host countries to seek employment

Step Migration

a migration in which an eventual long-distance relocation is undertaken in stages

Transnational Migration

a form of population movement in which a person moves between two or more countries